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Simple Is Effective: The Roles of Graphs and Large Language Models in Knowledge-Graph-Based Retrieval-Augmented Generation
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Simple Is Effective: The Roles of Graphs and Large Language Models in Knowledge-Graph-Based Retrieval-Augmented Generation
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Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong reasoning abilities but face limitations such as hallucinations and outdated knowledge. Knowledge Graph (KG)-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses these issues by grounding LLM outputs in structured external knowledge from KGs. However, current KG-based RAG frameworks still struggle to optimize the trade-off between retrieval effectiveness and efficiency in identifying a suitable amount of relevant graph information for the LLM to digest. We introduce SubgraphRAG, extending the KG-based RAG framework that retrieves subgraphs and leverages LLMs for reasoning and answer prediction. Our approach innovatively integrates a lightweight multilayer perceptron with a parallel triple-scoring mechanism for efficient and flexible subgraph retrieval while encoding directional structural distances to enhance retrieval effectiveness. The size of retrieved subgraphs can be flexibly adjusted to match the query's need and the downstream LLM's capabilities. This design strikes a balance between model complexity and reasoning power, enabling scalable and generalizable retrieval processes. Notably, based on our retrieved subgraphs, smaller LLMs like Llama3.1-8B-Instruct deliver competitive results with explainable reasoning, while larger models like GPT-4o achieve state-of-the-art accuracy compared with previous baselines -- all without fine-tuning. Extensive evaluations on the WebQSP and CWQ benchmarks highlight SubgraphRAG's strengths in efficiency, accuracy, and reliability by reducing hallucinations and improving response grounding.
Forward citations
Cited by 10 Pith papers
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Agents-K1 is an end-to-end pipeline with a multimodal parser, 4B GRPO-trained extractor, and agent CLI that builds scientific knowledge graphs from full papers and was run on 2.46 million documents to produce Scholar-KG.
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Agents-K1: Towards Agent-native Knowledge Orchestration
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Retrieval-Augmented Generation with Graphs (GraphRAG)
A survey proposing a holistic GraphRAG framework with components including query processor, retriever, organizer, generator, and data source, plus domain-tailored reviews, challenges, and future directions.
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Multi-Faceted Continual Knowledge Graph Embedding for Semantic-Aware Link Prediction
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Position: How can Graphs Help Large Language Models?
Graphs can help LLMs reduce hallucinations, boost reasoning via prompting techniques, and better process structured data.
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