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Observation of partonic flow in proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions

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arxiv 2411.09323 v1 pith:TXRYW7LE submitted 2024-11-14 nucl-ex hep-exnucl-th

Observation of partonic flow in proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions

classification nucl-ex hep-exnucl-th
keywords collisionsflowanisotropicproton-protonformationheavy-ionobservationbaryons
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Quantum Chromodynamics predicts a phase transition from ordinary hadronic matter to the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) at high temperatures and energy densities, where quarks and gluons (partons) are not confined within hadrons. The QGP is generated in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. Anisotropic flow coefficients, quantifying the anisotropic azimuthal expansion of the produced matter, provide a unique tool to unravel QGP properties. Flow measurements in high-energy heavy-ion collisions show a distinctive grouping of anisotropic flow for baryons and mesons at intermediate transverse momentum, a feature associated with flow being imparted at the quark level, confirming the existence of the QGP. The observation of QGP-like features in relativistic proton-proton and proton-ion collisions has sparked debate about possible QGP formation in smaller collision systems, which remains unresolved. In this article, we demonstrate for the first time the distinctive grouping of anisotropic flow for baryons and mesons in high-multiplicity proton-lead and proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). These results are described by a model that includes hydrodynamic flow followed by hadron formation via quark coalescence, replicating features observed in heavy-ion collisions. This observation is consistent with the formation of a partonic flowing system in proton-proton and proton-lead collisions at the LHC.

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Forward citations

Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Nonflow Subtraction Beyond Two-Particle Correlations

    nucl-th 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0

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  2. Sequential Y(nS) suppression in high-multiplicity pp collisions: the experimental case for an early, globally correlated medium

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  3. Investigating forward-backward asymmetry in D-meson production and anisotropic flow in p-Pb collisions at the LHC

    nucl-th 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 4.0

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  4. Transverse momentum dependence of $\Omega/\phi$ ratio in high energy collisions

    hep-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    The p_T dependence of the Ω/φ ratio in pp, p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions is dominated by the discrete curvature of the strange-quark transverse-momentum spectrum extracted from φ data via quark-number scaling.

  5. Collective effects in O-O and Ne-Ne collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$=5.36 TeV from a hybrid approach

    nucl-th 2025-09 unverdicted novelty 3.0

    Predictions for collective flow in O-O collisions at 5.36 TeV are generated with SMASH-vHLLE hybrid, pure SMASH, and Angantyr models to probe the onset of QGP formation in small systems.

  6. Event Topology Classifiers at the Large Hadron Collider

    hep-ph 2025-06 unverdicted novelty 2.0

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