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Are Your LLMs Capable of Stable Reasoning?

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arxiv 2412.13147 v5 pith:ZQAKAFPH submitted 2024-12-17 cs.AI cs.CL

Are Your LLMs Capable of Stable Reasoning?

classification cs.AI cs.CL
keywords reasoningevaluationllmscapabilitiescomplexconsistencyg-passlanguage
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has shown remarkable progress in complex reasoning tasks. However, a significant disparity exists between benchmark performances and real-world applications. We attribute this gap primarily to current evaluation protocols and metrics, which inadequately capture the full spectrum of LLM capabilities, especially in complex reasoning tasks where both accuracy and consistency are essential. In this paper, we introduce G-Pass@$k$, a novel evaluation metric that continuously assesses model performance across multiple sampling attempts, quantifying both the model's performance potential and its stability. Through extensive experiments on various public and newly constructed benchmarks, we employ G-Pass@$k$ in conjunction with state-of-the-art large language models to provide comprehensive insights into their potential capabilities and operational consistency. Our findings reveal a significant opportunity to enhance the realistic reasoning abilities of LLMs, underscoring the necessity for more robust evaluation metrics.

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Cited by 9 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. AIPO: Learning to Reason from Active Interaction

    cs.CL 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    AIPO trains LLMs to expand their reasoning capability boundary via active multi-agent interaction with Verify, Knowledge, and Reasoning agents during RLVR, using importance sampling and clipping to handle feedback, th...

  2. AIPO: Learning to Reason from Active Interaction

    cs.CL 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    AIPO adds active multi-agent consultation (Verify, Knowledge, Reasoning agents) plus custom importance sampling to RLVR training so LLMs expand their reasoning boundary and then operate without the agents.

  3. Spurious Rewards Paradox: Mechanistically Understanding How RLVR Activates Memorization Shortcuts in LLMs

    cs.LG 2026-01 conditional novelty 6.0

    Spurious RLVR makes Qwen2.5-Math retrieve memorized answers via a layer 18-20 anchor and layer 21+ adapters, a shortcut that can be steered by scaling specific MLP keys.

  4. Don't Pass@k: A Bayesian Framework for Large Language Model Evaluation

    cs.AI 2025-10 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    A Dirichlet-prior Bayesian estimator for model success probability replaces Pass@k, delivering faster-converging and more stable rankings with credible intervals on math benchmarks.

  5. InternBootcamp Technical Report: Boosting LLM Reasoning with Verifiable Task Scaling

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    InternBootcamp supplies 1000+ verifiable, auto-generated task environments across domains that enable task scaling to improve LLM reasoning, producing a 32B model with state-of-the-art results on the new Bootcamp-EVAL...

  6. Relay-Bench: Evaluating LLMs on Multi-Domain Reasoning Chains

    cs.CL 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0

    Relay-Bench, a 30-problem benchmark of chained multi-domain tasks with encoded prompts, resists saturation: the best tested model, GPT-5.5, scores 43.3% Pass@1.

  7. ReMedi: Reasoner for Medical Clinical Prediction

    cs.CL 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    ReMedi boosts LLM performance on EHR clinical predictions by up to 19.9% F1 through ground-truth-guided rationale regeneration and fine-tuning.

  8. Position: The Hidden Costs and Measurement Gaps of Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards

    cs.LG 2025-09 conditional novelty 5.0

    The paper identifies confounds in RLVR evaluations that inflate apparent gains and proposes a minimum standard for budget-matched, contamination-aware assessment with calibration tracking.

  9. The Periodic Table of LLM Reasoning: A Structured Survey of Reasoning Paradigms, Methods, and Failure Modes

    cs.CL 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    A literature survey that introduces a taxonomy for LLM reasoning paradigms, analyzes methodological trends, and synthesizes failure modes from over 300 papers.