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Large Language Models for Code Generation: A Comprehensive Survey of Challenges, Techniques, Evaluation, and Applications

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arxiv 2503.01245 v2 pith:2IYX42NE submitted 2025-03-03 cs.SE cs.LG

classification cs.SEcs.LG
keywords codellmsgenerationsurveytaskstechniquesapplicationschallenges
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their remarkable capabilities in numerous fields. This survey focuses on how LLMs empower users, regardless of their technical background, to use human languages to automatically generate executable code. We begin with understanding LLMs' limitations and challenges in automated code generation. Subsequently, we review various fine-tuning techniques designed to enhance both the performance and adaptability of LLMs in code generation tasks. We then review the existing metrics and benchmarks for evaluations to assess model performance based on fine-tuning techniques. Finally, we explore the applications of LLMs (e.g. CodeLlama, GitHub Copilot, ToolGen) in code generation tasks to illustrate their roles and functionalities. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of LLMs for code generation, helps researchers in diverse fields better understand the current state-of-the-art technologies, and offers the potential of effectively leveraging LLMs for code generation tasks.

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