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Causality of polarizeable dissipative fluids from Lagrangian hydrodynamics

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arxiv 2506.17327 v2 pith:WMAQ2GGN submitted 2025-06-19 nucl-th hep-phhep-th

Causality of polarizeable dissipative fluids from Lagrangian hydrodynamics

classification nucl-th hep-phhep-th
keywords viscositywellleadspolarizationrelaxationbulkcausalitydispersion
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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We perform a causality analysis on the dispersion relation of hydrodynamics with spin well as shear and bulk viscosity, including the relaxation times for all these quantities. We find that the interplay of the three relaxational scales, for shear and bulk viscosity as well as polarization, leads to non-trivial effects on the dispersion relation. Unexpectedly, the presence of polarization leads to lower effective viscosity and a longer relaxation time, and the presence of viscosity leads to lower limits as well as upper ones on the group velocity and constraints relating polarization to viscosity relaxation times. We conclude with a qualitative discussion on how these results impact phenomenology, specifically the low effective viscosity in strongly interacting matter as well as shear-vorticity coupling.

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  1. Gaussian pseudogauge invariant hydrodynamics with spin

    hep-th 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    A formulation of fluctuating hydrodynamics with spin is presented that achieves pseudo-gauge invariance and foliation covariance through torsion and second-order gravitational Ward identities.