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Pinching-Antenna Systems with In-Waveguide Attenuation: Performance Analysis and Algorithm Design

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arxiv 2506.23966 v1 pith:XNEUCTH7 submitted 2025-06-30 eess.SP cs.ITmath.IT

Pinching-Antenna Systems with In-Waveguide Attenuation: Performance Analysis and Algorithm Design

classification eess.SP cs.ITmath.IT
keywords attenuationantennain-waveguideanalysispinching-antennasystemsalgorithmalgorithms
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Pinching-antenna systems have emerged as a promising flexible-antenna architecture for next-generation wireless networks, enabling enhanced adaptability and user-centric connectivity through antenna repositioning along waveguides. However, existing studies often overlook in-waveguide signal attenuation and in the literature, there is no comprehensive analysis on whether and under what conditions such an assumption is justified. This paper addresses this gap by explicitly incorporating in-waveguide attenuation into both the system model and algorithm design, and studying its impact on the downlink user data rates. We begin with a single-user scenario and derive a closed-form expression for the globally optimal antenna placement, which reveals how the attenuation coefficient and the user-to-waveguide distance jointly affect the optimal antenna position. Based on this analytical solution, we further provide a theoretical analysis identifying the system conditions under which the in-waveguide attenuation has an insignificant impact on the user achievable rate. The study is then extended to the multi-user multiple-input multiple-output setting, where two efficient algorithms are developed, based on the weighted minimum mean square error method and the maximum ratio combining method, to jointly optimize beamforming and antenna placement. Simulation results validate the efficacy of the proposed algorithms and demonstrate that pinching-antenna systems substantially outperform conventional fixed-antenna baselines, underscoring their potential for future flexible wireless communications.

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Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. On the Performance of Pinching-Antenna Systems (PASS) Under Dynamic Channels with Blockages

    eess.SP 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    Under a geometry-aware blockage model, pinching-antenna outage and rate are derived, showing NLoS scattering hurts outage but helps rate and can sustain service when LoS is blocked.

  2. Pinching Antennas-Assisted Sensing: A Ziv-Zakai Bound (ZZB) Perspective

    eess.SP 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Derives general and specialized ZZB expressions for PASS uplink sensing, characterizes asymptotics, and proposes surrogate objectives for ZZB-based optimization.

  3. Center-Fed Pinching Antenna System (C-PASS): Modeling, Analysis, and Beamforming Design

    cs.IT 2026-02 conditional novelty 5.0

    A single-waveguide pinching-antenna system with multiple center-fed input ports achieves degree-of-freedom min(M,K) and power gain O(P_T M), breaking the rank-one bottleneck of conventional end-fed designs.

  4. Dual-Waveguide Pinching Antennas for PLS: Parallel Placement or Orthogonal Placement?

    eess.SP 2025-10 conditional novelty 5.0

    For dual-waveguide pinching-antenna systems, an FeaPSO/SCA algorithm maximizes secure rate and energy efficiency, and orthogonal waveguide placement offers a modest, scenario-dependent security advantage over parallel...

  5. Physical Layer Security Performance of Pinching-Antenna Systems With In-Waveguide Attenuation

    eess.SP 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    Pinching-antenna systems with in-waveguide attenuation achieve superior secrecy outage probability and ergodic secrecy capacity compared to conventional fixed-antenna systems.

  6. Performance Analysis of Pinching Antenna Systems Enabled NOMA Communications

    cs.IT 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 3.0

    PASS-NOMA achieves lower blockage outage and higher ergodic rates than PASS-OMA, with further gains as the number of pinching antennas increases.

  7. Pinching Antenna Systems (PASS): Enabling Reconfigurable and Controllable Wireless Channels -- A Comprehensive Survey

    cs.IT 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 2.0

    The paper provides a comprehensive review and categorization of pinching antenna systems (PASS) for objectives including network coverage, data rate, secure transmission, sensing, integrated sensing and communication,...