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Spin Relaxometry with Solid-State Defects: Theory, Platforms, and Applications

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arxiv 2602.01521 v2 pith:IDCKU2PH submitted 2026-02-02 cond-mat.mes-hall quant-ph

Spin Relaxometry with Solid-State Defects: Theory, Platforms, and Applications

Ruotian Gong , Alex L. Melendez , Guanghui He , Zhongyuan Liu , Chong Zu , Huan Zhao This is my paper
classification cond-mat.mes-hall quant-ph
keywords spinrelaxationapplicationsdefectsnoiseratesrelaxometrysolid-state
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Spin relaxometry using solid-state spin defects, such as the diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center, probes dynamical processes by measuring how environmental fluctuations enhance the spin relaxation rate. In the weak-coupling limit, relaxation rates sample the transverse magnetic-noise power spectral density through a sensor-specific filter function, turning the defect into a local, frequency-selective noise spectrometer. This review bridges theory and experiment, clarifying how measured relaxation rates map onto noise spectra and how near-field geometry shapes the response. We highlight representative applications across condensed-matter physics, chemical and biological sensing, and relaxometry-based magnetic-resonance spectroscopy. We conclude with emerging opportunities and key challenges.

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