High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · arXiv:2602.02308 v2 · submitted 2 Feb 2026
Chasing Long-Lived Doubly Charged Scalars at Future Lepton Colliders
The paper says
“Displaced vertices offer direct evidence of the scalar's long lifetime, while we further show that the invariant mass distribution of same-sign dilepton pairs serves as a powerful complementary probe for discovering doubly charged Higgs bosons at both the ILC and muon collider.”
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Abstract
We come up with a novel search strategy for long-lived doubly charged scalars at future proposed lepton colliders. The doubly charged scalar studied in this work belongs to an SU(2)L complex scalar triplet that accounts for tiny neutrino masses via the Type-II Seesaw mechanism. For scalar masses ≲ 200 GeV and appropriate values of the triplet vacuum expectation value, this state can be long-lived and decay predominantly into like-sign muon pairs (e.g. μ+μ+ or μ−μ−), producing distinctive displaced-vertex signals. We investigate the pair production of these scalars at the International Linear Collider (ILC) and a prospective muon collider, considering their planned center-of-mass energies. Incorporating theoretical and experimental constraints, we study the resulting signature of four leptons accompanied by missing transverse energy. Displaced vertices offer direct evidence of the scalar's long lifetime, while we further show that the invariant mass distribution of same-sign dilepton pairs serves as a powerful complementary probe for discovering doubly charged Higgs bosons at both the ILC and muon collider.
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abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
How the main claim is stated: asserted 1.00
What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.12 · states limitation 0.16 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.02 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.65 · compares with prior results 0.09 · mentions code or data availability 0.02
The abstract, sentence by sentence
This table labels the abstract only (arXiv listing abstract v2). The number is the probability the classifier gave the label.
| Sentence | Role | The authors' own work | States the main conclusion | Strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| We come up with a novel search strategy for long-lived doubly charged scalars at future proposed lepton colliders. | contribution 1.00 | 0.92 | 0.08 | asserted 1.00 |
| The doubly charged scalar studied in this work belongs to an $SU(2)_L$ complex scalar triplet that accounts for tiny neutrino masses via the Type-II Seesaw mechanism. | background 0.87 | 0.15 | 0.04 | asserted 1.00 |
| For scalar masses $\lesssim 200 $ GeV and appropriate values of the triplet vacuum expectation value, this state can be long-lived and decay predominantly into like-sign muon pairs (e.g. $\mu^+\mu^+ $ or $\mu^-\mu^-$), producing distinctive displaced-vertex signals. | background 0.60 | 0.25 | 0.13 | hedged possibility 0.93 |
| We investigate the pair production of these scalars at the International Linear Collider (ILC) and a prospective muon collider, considering their planned center-of-mass energies. | method 0.65 | 0.82 | 0.05 | asserted 0.94 |
| Incorporating theoretical and experimental constraints, we study the resulting signature of four leptons accompanied by missing transverse energy. | contribution 0.49 | 0.88 | 0.11 | asserted 0.91 |
| Displaced vertices offer direct evidence of the scalar's long lifetime, while we further show that the invariant mass distribution of same-sign dilepton pairs serves as a powerful complementary probe for discovering doubly charged Higgs bosons at both the ILC and muon collider. | interpretation 0.60 | 0.90 | 0.62 | asserted 1.00 |
What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: method or tool 0.86 · evidence from simulation or computation 0.62
What was examined, and what was not
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Compiled by classifier-1.13.0 via TypeSafe API, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 5,113 input tokens.
Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. This record as JSON
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Reviewed papers on Pith that cite this one. The full citation record
How the literature uses it
2 arXiv papers cite this in 2 sentences
Papers citing it
Cites it as background 2 papers
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In the past few years, considerable attention has been devoted to the study of doubly charged Higgs boson production and decay at both hadron and lepton colliders[Here, lepton colliders include both $e^-e^+$ and $γγ$ collision modes.] [ref] .
Can $\gamma\gamma$ collisions rival $e^-e^+$ in probing doubly charged Higgs bosons? · Introduction · 0.97
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Motivated from various BSM models (see Ref. [ref] for an overview), a multitude of LLP signatures have been explored in several phenomenological studies, such as Refs. [ref] and collider experiments [ref] .
A new approach to long-lived particle detection at hadron colliders: the $\textsf{DELIGHT-SHIELD}$ concept · Introduction · 0.95
What it cites · 37 sentences without a confident label
Uses the method or tool of 7 papers
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While generating both the signal and the SM background events in $MadGraph5@NLO$ [ref] , we employ the following pre-selection cuts used for ILC : [equation] To generate the signal events for the muon collider, the following set of pre-selection cuts has been used: [equation] The events are then passed to $PYTHIA8$ [ref] for hadronization, and finally detector simulation is performed using $DELPHESv3$ [ref] with the help of the appropriate muon collider card [ref] for IMCC and the ILD card [ref] for ILC.
An Introduction to PYTHIA 8.2 · Collider Analysis · 1.00
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While generating both the signal and the SM background events in $MadGraph5@NLO$ [ref] , we employ the following pre-selection cuts used for ILC : [equation] To generate the signal events for the muon collider, the following set of pre-selection cuts has been used: [equation] The events are then passed to $PYTHIA8$ [ref] for hadronization, and finally detector simulation is performed using $DELPHESv3$ [ref] with the help of the appropriate muon collider card [ref] for IMCC and the ILD card [ref] for ILC.
The International Linear Collider Technical Design Report - Volume 4: Detectors · Collider Analysis · 1.00
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While generating both the signal and the SM background events in $MadGraph5@NLO$ [ref] , we employ the following pre-selection cuts used for ILC : [equation] To generate the signal events for the muon collider, the following set of pre-selection cuts has been used: [equation] The events are then passed to $PYTHIA8$ [ref] for hadronization, and finally detector simulation is performed using $DELPHESv3$ [ref] with the help of the appropriate muon collider card [ref] for IMCC and the ILD card [ref] for ILC.
DELPHES 3, A modular framework for fast simulation of a generic collider experiment · Collider Analysis · 1.00
Uses data or values from 6 papers
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The non-observance of any significant excess at the LHC has put an upper limit on the mass of the doubly charged scalar to be $> 1080$ GeV for $v_t < 10^-4 GeV$ [ref] .
Search for doubly charged Higgs boson production in multi-lepton final states using 139 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector · Introduction · 0.97
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The resolution of the vertices in the pixel tracker for both ATLAS and CMS detectors is of the order of hundreds $μ$m [ref] and usually a cut of a few mm is imposed to suppress the SM background [ref] .
2510.13304 · Pair production of the doubly-charged Higgs via Drell-Yan process at the ILC · 0.81
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The resolution of the vertices in the pixel tracker for both ATLAS and CMS detectors is of the order of hundreds $μ$m [ref] and usually a cut of a few mm is imposed to suppress the SM background [ref] .
Low scale type II seesaw: Present constraints and prospects for displaced vertex searches · Pair production of the doubly-charged Higgs via Drell-Yan process at the ILC · 0.81
Cites as background 36 papers
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Depending on the triplet vev and the mass of the doubly charged Higgs, it can decay into a pair of same-sign dileptons, a pair of same-sign gauge bosons, or undergo a three-body decay via $H^±± →W^±(W^±)^* →W^± f f̅^ '$, as discussed in Ref. [ref] .
Light Doubly Charged Higgs Boson via the $WW^*$ Channel at LHC · Theoretical and Experimental Constraints · 0.91
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The Lagrangian of the model, incorporating the SM with the triplet sector, is given by [equation] where the scalar part is composed of [equation] The kinetic and Yukawa interactions are, respectively, [ref] [equation]
The Higgs Potential in the Type II Seesaw Model · Model · 0.92
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In this paper, we rekindle the idea of probing the doubly-charged scalar as a long-lived particle in future precision collider facilities such as the International Linear Collider (ILC) [ref] and the International Muon Collider Collaboration (IMCC) [ref] .
ILC Reference Design Report Volume 4 - Detectors · Introduction · 0.87
Challenges and discussion
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