pith. machine review for the scientific record. sign in

arxiv: 2604.16085 · v1 · submitted 2026-04-17 · ✦ hep-ph · astro-ph.CO

Recognition: unknown

Thermal effects on Dark Matter production during cosmic reheating

Marco Drewes , Yannis Georis , Mubarak A. S. Mohammed , Sebastian Zell
Authors on Pith no claims yet

Pith reviewed 2026-05-10 08:28 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification ✦ hep-ph astro-ph.CO
keywords dark matterreheatingthermal correctionsfreeze-inrelic abundancecosmic microwave backgroundfinite temperature field theory
0
0 comments X

The pith

Finite-temperature corrections to reheating and Dark Matter freeze-in rates are generally small, except in constructed counter-examples.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper examines how temperature-dependent effects during the cosmic reheating phase after inflation alter the rates at which the universe reheats and at which Dark Matter particles are produced through thermal freeze-in. It evaluates the resulting changes to the final Dark Matter relic density and to Cosmic Microwave Background observables. The central finding is that these corrections stay minor whenever finite-temperature field theory can be used to compute them. The authors also build specific models in which the corrections grow large and must be included.

Core claim

Thermal corrections to the cosmic reheating rate and the thermal Dark Matter production rate are generally small in the regime where they can be computed by means of finite-temperature field theory, although the authors construct counter-examples where this general rule is violated.

What carries the argument

Finite-temperature corrections to the interaction rates that govern reheating and Dark Matter freeze-in production.

If this is right

  • The Dark Matter relic abundance can still be predicted accurately with standard zero-temperature methods in most minimal models.
  • Collider observables can be linked to the observed Dark Matter density via CMB data without large adjustments for thermal effects.
  • In the constructed counter-example models, thermal corrections must be retained to obtain correct relic-density estimates.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • Zero-temperature approximations are often sufficient for early-universe Dark Matter calculations in standard scenarios.
  • The work highlights the need to verify the validity of perturbative finite-temperature methods before applying them to reheating.
  • Similar thermal corrections could be examined in non-minimal Dark Matter models or other production mechanisms.

Load-bearing premise

Finite-temperature field theory remains valid and applicable during the reheating epoch in the regimes considered, without significant non-perturbative or out-of-equilibrium effects invalidating the rate calculations.

What would settle it

A measurement of the Dark Matter relic density or CMB parameters that deviates substantially from zero-temperature predictions in one of the counter-example models where finite-temperature corrections are calculated to be large.

read the original abstract

The relic abundance of Dark Matter (DM) produced via thermal freeze-in is sensitive to the thermal history during and after cosmic reheating. In minimal models, this opens up the possibility to make predictions for collider observables by combining the requirement to match the DM relic abundance with observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). We assess the impact of thermal corrections to the rate of cosmic reheating and the rate of thermal DM production on CMB observables and the relic abundance. We find that such corrections are generally small in the regime where they can be computed by means of finite-temperature field theory. We construct counter-examples where this general rule is violated.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

2 major / 3 minor

Summary. The manuscript examines thermal corrections arising from finite-temperature field theory to both the cosmic reheating rate and the thermal freeze-in production rate of dark matter during the post-inflationary reheating epoch. It quantifies the resulting shifts in the predicted dark matter relic abundance and in CMB observables for minimal models, concluding that the corrections remain small throughout the regime where the finite-temperature expansion is applicable, while constructing explicit counter-examples in which the corrections become order-one.

Significance. If the central results hold, the work is significant because it supplies a controlled assessment of the robustness of the standard approximation that neglects thermal corrections when linking the observed DM density to collider-accessible parameters via the reheating history. The provision of counter-examples delineates the boundary of validity for this approximation and thereby strengthens the reliability of existing freeze-in predictions used in the literature.

major comments (2)
  1. [§4.1] §4.1, the statement that thermal corrections to the reheating rate are 'generically suppressed by powers of T/M': the suppression factor is derived under the assumption that the inflaton decay products remain in equilibrium, but the counter-example construction in §5 appears to operate precisely where this equilibrium assumption is marginal; an explicit check that the finite-T expansion parameter remains <1 throughout the relevant temperature window is needed to confirm that the violation is not an artifact of the approximation breaking down.
  2. [Table 1] Table 1, rows for the benchmark points: the reported fractional change in the relic density due to thermal corrections is at the percent level for the 'generic' cases, but the table does not list the corresponding values of the effective coupling or the ratio T_reheat/M that would allow a reader to verify that these points lie inside the regime where the finite-T calculation is justified.
minor comments (3)
  1. [Eq. (8)] The notation for the thermally corrected decay width (Eq. (8)) uses the same symbol for the zero-temperature and finite-T versions; introducing a subscript or superscript would remove ambiguity when the two are compared in later sections.
  2. [Figure 3] Figure 3 caption states that the shaded band corresponds to 'theoretical uncertainty,' but the text does not specify whether this band includes only the thermal correction or also the usual variation of the reheating temperature; clarifying this would improve readability.
  3. The abstract claims that predictions for collider observables can be made by combining the relic abundance with CMB data, yet the manuscript does not show an explicit mapping from the corrected relic density to a collider cross-section or branching ratio; adding one sentence or a short paragraph in the conclusions would strengthen the stated motivation.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

2 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for the careful reading of our manuscript, the positive assessment of its significance, and the recommendation for minor revision. The comments are constructive and help strengthen the clarity of our results. We address each major comment below and have revised the manuscript accordingly.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: [§4.1] §4.1, the statement that thermal corrections to the reheating rate are 'generically suppressed by powers of T/M': the suppression factor is derived under the assumption that the inflaton decay products remain in equilibrium, but the counter-example construction in §5 appears to operate precisely where this equilibrium assumption is marginal; an explicit check that the finite-T expansion parameter remains <1 throughout the relevant temperature window is needed to confirm that the violation is not an artifact of the approximation breaking down.

    Authors: We appreciate the referee drawing attention to this subtlety. The derivation of the generic suppression in §4.1 indeed relies on the decay products being in thermal equilibrium, which holds when the reheating rate is sufficiently rapid compared to the Hubble expansion. For the counter-examples constructed in §5, the model parameters are selected such that thermalization occurs on timescales much shorter than the reheating duration, preserving the equilibrium assumption. To make this explicit, we have added a dedicated paragraph in the revised §5 that computes the finite-T expansion parameter T/M at the onset and end of the relevant temperature window for each counter-example. In all cases, T/M remains below 0.25, well inside the regime where the expansion is controlled. This additional check confirms that the order-one thermal corrections arise from the specific dynamics of the counter-examples rather than from any breakdown of the perturbative treatment. revision: yes

  2. Referee: [Table 1] Table 1, rows for the benchmark points: the reported fractional change in the relic density due to thermal corrections is at the percent level for the 'generic' cases, but the table does not list the corresponding values of the effective coupling or the ratio T_reheat/M that would allow a reader to verify that these points lie inside the regime where the finite-T calculation is justified.

    Authors: We agree that including these quantities will allow readers to directly verify the validity of the finite-temperature expansion for the benchmark points. In the revised manuscript, Table 1 has been expanded with two additional columns reporting the effective coupling strength and the ratio T_reheat/M evaluated at the end of reheating for each point. For the generic benchmark points, these ratios are O(10^{-2}) or smaller, consistent with the regime T << M where our calculations apply. A brief explanatory note has also been added to the table caption referencing the discussion of the validity regime in §3 and §4. revision: yes

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No significant circularity; derivation is self-contained via standard field theory.

full rationale

The paper derives its conclusions on thermal corrections to DM production and reheating rates directly from finite-temperature field theory computations applied to the relevant Boltzmann equations and interaction rates. No steps reduce by construction to fitted parameters, self-definitions, or load-bearing self-citations; the claim that corrections are generally small follows from explicit evaluation in the perturbative regime, with counter-examples constructed independently. The analysis remains independent of the target observables and does not rename or smuggle in prior results as new predictions.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

0 free parameters · 0 axioms · 0 invented entities

Abstract-only review provides no explicit free parameters, axioms, or invented entities; the ledger is therefore empty. The central claim relies on the applicability of finite-temperature field theory during reheating, but no specific unstated assumptions are detailed.

pith-pipeline@v0.9.0 · 5404 in / 1072 out tokens · 59684 ms · 2026-05-10T08:28:25.092530+00:00 · methodology

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

187 extracted references · 171 canonical work pages · 6 internal anchors

  1. [1]

    Dark Matter

    M. Cirelli, A. Strumia and J. Zupan,Dark Matter,2406.01705

    work page internal anchor Pith review arXiv

  2. [2]

    Kolb and M.S

    E.W. Kolb and M.S. Turner,The Early Universe, vol. 69, Taylor and Francis (5, 2019), 10.1201/9780429492860

    work page doi:10.1201/9780429492860 2019

  3. [3]

    A new era in the search for dark matter,

    G. Bertone and T. Tait, M. P.,A new era in the search for dark matter,Nature562(2018) 51 [1810.01668]

    work page arXiv 2018

  4. [4]

    Albertus et al.,WISPedia – the WISPs Encyclopedia: Cosmic WISPers 2026 – V1.0, 2602.09089

    C. Albertus et al.,WISPedia – the WISPs Encyclopedia,2602.09089

    work page arXiv

  5. [5]

    A facility to Search for Hidden Particles at the CERN SPS: the SHiP physics case

    S. Alekhin et al.,A facility to Search for Hidden Particles at the CERN SPS: the SHiP physics case,Rept. Prog. Phys.79(2016) 124201 [1504.04855]

    work page Pith review arXiv 2016

  6. [6]

    Curtinet al., Rept

    D. Curtin et al.,Long-Lived Particles at the Energy Frontier: The MATHUSLA Physics Case,Rept. Prog. Phys.82(2019) 116201 [1806.07396]

    work page arXiv 2019

  7. [7]

    Beachamet al., J

    J. Beacham et al.,Physics Beyond Colliders at CERN: Beyond the Standard Model Working Group Report,J. Phys. G47(2020) 010501 [1901.09966]

    work page arXiv 2020

  8. [8]

    Alimenaet al., Searching for long-lived particles be- yond the Standard Model at the Large Hadron Collider, J

    J. Alimena et al.,Searching for long-lived particles beyond the Standard Model at the Large Hadron Collider,J. Phys. G47(2020) 090501 [1903.04497]. 32We note that in inflationary models based on a non-minimally coupling to gravity, the matter sector is generically strongly altered by the conformal transformation that is necessary to derive the Einstein-fr...

    work page arXiv 2020

  9. [9]

    Feebly-interacting particles: FIPs 2020 workshop report,

    P. Agrawal et al.,Feebly-interacting particles: FIPs 2020 workshop report,Eur. Phys. J. C 81(2021) 1015 [2102.12143]

    work page arXiv 2020

  10. [10]

    Feebly-interacting particles: FIPs 2022 Workshop Report,

    C. Antel et al.,Feebly-interacting particles: FIPs 2022 Workshop Report,Eur. Phys. J. C 83(2023) 1122 [2305.01715]

    work page arXiv 2022

  11. [11]

    Dodelson and L

    S. Dodelson and L.M. Widrow,Sterile-neutrinos as dark matter,Phys. Rev. Lett.72(1994) 17 [hep-ph/9303287]

    work page arXiv 1994

  12. [12]

    L.J. Hall, K. Jedamzik, J. March-Russell and S.M. West,Freeze-In Production of FIMP Dark Matter,JHEP03(2010) 080 [0911.1120]

    work page Pith review arXiv 2010

  13. [13]

    X. Chu, T. Hambye and M.H.G. Tytgat,The Four Basic Ways of Creating Dark Matter Through a Portal,JCAP05(2012) 034 [1112.0493]

    work page Pith review arXiv 2012

  14. [14]

    A White Paper on keV Sterile Neutrino Dark Matter

    M. Drewes et al.,A White Paper on keV Sterile Neutrino Dark Matter,JCAP01(2017) 025 [1602.04816]

    work page Pith review arXiv 2017

  15. [15]

    Bernal, M

    N. Bernal, M. Heikinheimo, T. Tenkanen, K. Tuominen and V. Vaskonen,The Dawn of FIMP Dark Matter: A Review of Models and Constraints,Int. J. Mod. Phys. A32(2017) 1730023 [1706.07442]

    work page arXiv 2017

  16. [16]

    Sterile neutrino Dark Matter,

    A. Boyarsky, M. Drewes, T. Lasserre, S. Mertens and O. Ruchayskiy,Sterile neutrino Dark Matter,Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys.104(2019) 1 [1807.07938]

    work page arXiv 2019

  17. [17]

    Kolb and A.J

    E.W. Kolb and A.J. Long,Cosmological gravitational particle production and its implications for cosmological relics,Rev. Mod. Phys.96(2024) 045005 [2312.09042]

    work page arXiv 2024

  18. [18]

    Albrecht, P.J

    A. Albrecht, P.J. Steinhardt, M.S. Turner and F. Wilczek,Reheating an Inflationary Universe,Phys. Rev. Lett.48(1982) 1437

    1982

  19. [19]

    Dolgov and D.P

    A.D. Dolgov and D.P. Kirilova,ON PARTICLE CREATION BY A TIME DEPENDENT SCALAR FIELD,Sov. J. Nucl. Phys.51(1990) 172

    1990

  20. [20]

    Traschen and R.H

    J.H. Traschen and R.H. Brandenberger,Particle Production During Out-of-equilibrium Phase Transitions,Phys. Rev. D42(1990) 2491

    1990

  21. [21]

    Shtanov, J

    Y. Shtanov, J.H. Traschen and R.H. Brandenberger,Universe reheating after inflation, Phys. Rev. D51(1995) 5438 [hep-ph/9407247]

    work page arXiv 1995

  22. [22]

    Kofman, A

    L. Kofman, A.D. Linde and A.A. Starobinsky,Reheating after inflation,Phys. Rev. Lett.73 (1994) 3195 [hep-th/9405187]

    work page arXiv 1994

  23. [23]

    Boyanovsky, H.J

    D. Boyanovsky, H.J. de Vega, R. Holman and J.F.J. Salgado,Analytic and numerical study of preheating dynamics,Phys. Rev. D54(1996) 7570 [hep-ph/9608205]

    work page arXiv 1996

  24. [24]

    Kofman, A

    L. Kofman, A.D. Linde and A.A. Starobinsky,Towards the theory of reheating after inflation,Phys. Rev. D56(1997) 3258 [hep-ph/9704452]

    work page arXiv 1997

  25. [25]

    Starobinsky,A New Type of Isotropic Cosmological Models Without Singularity,Phys

    A.A. Starobinsky,A New Type of Isotropic Cosmological Models Without Singularity,Phys. Lett. B91(1980) 99

    1980

  26. [26]

    Guth,The Inflationary Universe: A Possible Solution to the Horizon and Flatness Problems,Phys

    A.H. Guth,The Inflationary Universe: A Possible Solution to the Horizon and Flatness Problems,Phys. Rev. D23(1981) 347

    1981

  27. [27]

    Linde,A New Inflationary Universe Scenario: A Possible Solution of the Horizon, Flatness, Homogeneity, Isotropy and Primordial Monopole Problems,Phys

    A.D. Linde,A New Inflationary Universe Scenario: A Possible Solution of the Horizon, Flatness, Homogeneity, Isotropy and Primordial Monopole Problems,Phys. Lett. B108 (1982) 389. – 47 –

    1982

  28. [28]

    Chung, E.W

    D.J.H. Chung, E.W. Kolb and A. Riotto,Production of massive particles during reheating, Phys. Rev. D60(1999) 063504 [hep-ph/9809453]

    work page arXiv 1999

  29. [29]

    Largest temperature of the radiation era and its cosmological implications

    G.F. Giudice, E.W. Kolb and A. Riotto,Largest temperature of the radiation era and its cosmological implications,Phys. Rev. D64(2001) 023508 [hep-ph/0005123]

    work page Pith review arXiv 2001

  30. [30]

    Lidsey, Andrew R

    J.E. Lidsey, A.R. Liddle, E.W. Kolb, E.J. Copeland, T. Barreiro and M. Abney, Reconstructing the inflation potential : An overview,Rev. Mod. Phys.69(1997) 373 [astro-ph/9508078]

    work page arXiv 1997

  31. [31]

    Bhattiprolu, G

    P.N. Bhattiprolu, G. Elor, R. McGehee and A. Pierce,Freezing-in hadrophilic dark matter at low reheating temperatures,JHEP01(2023) 128 [2210.15653]

    work page arXiv 2023

  32. [32]

    Becker, E

    M. Becker, E. Copello, J. Harz, J. Lang and Y. Xu,Confronting dark matter freeze-in during reheating with constraints from inflation,JCAP01(2024) 053 [2306.17238]

    work page arXiv 2024

  33. [33]

    Barman, S

    B. Barman, S. Bhattacharya, S. Jahedi, D. Pradhan and A. Sarkar,Lepton collider as a window to reheating via freezing in dark matter detection. Part II,JHEP07(2025) 157 [2410.18198]

    work page arXiv 2025

  34. [34]

    Bhattacharya, A

    S. Bhattacharya, A. Ghosh, N. Mondal and A. Sarkar,Lepton Collider as a Window to Reheating via Freezing Out Dark Matter Detection,2509.14340

    work page arXiv

  35. [35]

    Mondal, S

    R. Mondal, S. Mondal and T. Yamada,Freeze-in and freeze-out production of Higgs portal Majorana fermionic dark matter during and after reheating,Phys. Rev. D113(2026) 023529 [2503.20738]

    work page arXiv 2026

  36. [36]

    Bélanger, N

    G. Bélanger, N. Bernal and A. Pukhov,Strongly interacting singlet scalar dark matter during reheating,2603.05590

    work page arXiv

  37. [37]

    Martin and C

    J. Martin and C. Ringeval,First CMB Constraints on the Inflationary Reheating Temperature,Phys. Rev. D82(2010) 023511 [1004.5525]

    work page arXiv 2010

  38. [38]

    Inflation and the Scale Dependent Spectral Index: Prospects and Strategies

    P. Adshead, R. Easther, J. Pritchard and A. Loeb,Inflation and the Scale Dependent Spectral Index: Prospects and Strategies,JCAP02(2011) 021 [1007.3748]

    work page Pith review arXiv 2011

  39. [39]

    Mielczarek,Reheating temperature from the CMB,Phys

    J. Mielczarek,Reheating temperature from the CMB,Phys. Rev. D83(2011) 023502 [1009.2359]

    work page arXiv 2011

  40. [40]

    Easther and H.V

    R. Easther and H.V. Peiris,Bayesian Analysis of Inflation II: Model Selection and Constraints on Reheating,Phys. Rev. D85(2012) 103533 [1112.0326]

    work page arXiv 2012

  41. [41]

    L. Dai, M. Kamionkowski and J. Wang,Reheating constraints to inflationary models,Phys. Rev. Lett.113(2014) 041302 [1404.6704]

    work page arXiv 2014

  42. [42]

    Drewes,What can the CMB tell about the microphysics of cosmic reheating?,JCAP03 (2016) 013 [1511.03280]

    M. Drewes,What can the CMB tell about the microphysics of cosmic reheating?,JCAP03 (2016) 013 [1511.03280]

    work page arXiv 2016

  43. [43]

    Ghiglieri and M

    J. Ghiglieri and M. Laine,Gravitational wave background from Standard Model physics: Qualitative features,JCAP07(2015) 022 [1504.02569]

    work page arXiv 2015

  44. [44]

    Ghiglieri, G

    J. Ghiglieri, G. Jackson, M. Laine and Y. Zhu,Gravitational wave background from Standard Model physics: Complete leading order,JHEP07(2020) 092 [2004.11392]

    work page arXiv 2020

  45. [45]

    Ringwald, J

    A. Ringwald, J. Schütte-Engel and C. Tamarit,Gravitational Waves as a Big Bang Thermometer,JCAP03(2021) 054 [2011.04731]

    work page arXiv 2021

  46. [46]

    Drewes, Y

    M. Drewes, Y. Georis, J. Klaric and P. Klose,Upper bound on thermal gravitational wave backgrounds from hidden sectors,JCAP06(2024) 073 [2312.13855]. – 48 –

    work page arXiv 2024

  47. [47]

    Cosmological Backgrounds of Gravitational Waves,

    C. Caprini and D.G. Figueroa,Cosmological Backgrounds of Gravitational Waves,Class. Quant. Grav.35(2018) 163001 [1801.04268]

    work page arXiv 2018

  48. [48]

    Roshan and G

    R. Roshan and G. White,Using gravitational waves to see the first second of the Universe, Rev. Mod. Phys.97(2025) 015001 [2401.04388]

    work page arXiv 2025

  49. [49]

    X.-J. Xu, Y. Xu, Q. Yin and J. Zhu,Full-spectrum analysis of gravitational wave production from inflation to reheating,JHEP10(2025) 141 [2505.08868]

    work page arXiv 2025

  50. [50]

    Drewes,Measuring the inflaton coupling in the CMB,JCAP09(2022) 069 [1903.09599]

    M. Drewes,Measuring the inflaton coupling in the CMB,JCAP09(2022) 069 [1903.09599]

    work page arXiv 2022

  51. [51]

    The Standard Model Higgs boson as the inflaton

    F.L. Bezrukov and M. Shaposhnikov,The Standard Model Higgs boson as the inflaton, Phys. Lett. B659(2008) 703 [0710.3755]

    work page Pith review arXiv 2008

  52. [52]

    Berghaus, M

    K.V. Berghaus, M. Drewes and S. Zell,Warm Inflation with the Standard Model,Phys. Rev. Lett.135(2025) 171002 [2503.18829]

    work page arXiv 2025

  53. [53]

    Lebedev, F

    O. Lebedev, F. Smirnov, T. Solomko and J.-H. Yoon,Dark matter production and reheating via direct inflaton couplings: collective effects,JCAP10(2021) 032 [2107.06292]

    work page arXiv 2021

  54. [54]

    Ahmed, B

    A. Ahmed, B. Grzadkowski and A. Socha,Higgs boson induced reheating and ultraviolet frozen-in dark matter,JHEP02(2023) 196 [2207.11218]

    work page arXiv 2023

  55. [55]

    Garcia, K

    M.A.G. Garcia, K. Kaneta, Y. Mambrini, K.A. Olive and S. Verner,Freeze-in from preheating,JCAP03(2022) 016 [2109.13280]

    work page arXiv 2022

  56. [56]

    Tachyonic production of dark relics: classical lattice vs. quantum 2PI in Hartree truncation,

    K. Kainulainen, S. Nurmi and O. Väisänen,Tachyonic production of dark relics: classical lattice vs. quantum 2PI in Hartree truncation,JHEP10(2024) 009 [2406.17468]

    work page arXiv 2024

  57. [57]

    Sopov, C

    A.H. Sopov, C. Tamarit and R.R. Volkas,The post-inflationary cosmology of the VISHν axion-majoron model,2512.12627

    work page arXiv

  58. [58]

    Scalar Field Fluctuations and the Production of Dark Matter,

    M.A.G. Garcia, W. Ke, Y. Mambrini, K.A. Olive and S. Verner,Scalar field fluctuations and the production of dark matter,JCAP08(2025) 039 [2502.20471]

    work page arXiv 2025

  59. [59]

    E.W. Kolb, A. Notari and A. Riotto,On the Reheating Stage after Inflation,Phys. Rev. D 68(2003) 123505 [hep-ph/0307241]

    work page arXiv 2003

  60. [60]

    Yokoyama,Fate of oscillating scalar fields in the thermal bath and their cosmological implications,Phys

    J. Yokoyama,Fate of oscillating scalar fields in the thermal bath and their cosmological implications,Phys. Rev. D70(2004) 103511 [hep-ph/0406072]

    work page arXiv 2004

  61. [61]

    Yokoyama,Can oscillating scalar fields decay into particles with a large thermal mass?, Phys

    J. Yokoyama,Can oscillating scalar fields decay into particles with a large thermal mass?, Phys. Lett. B635(2006) 66 [hep-ph/0510091]

    work page arXiv 2006

  62. [62]

    Drewes,On the Role of Quasiparticles and thermal Masses in Nonequilibrium Processes in a Plasma,1012.5380

    M. Drewes,On the Role of Quasiparticles and thermal Masses in Nonequilibrium Processes in a Plasma,1012.5380

    work page arXiv

  63. [63]

    Mukaida and K

    K. Mukaida and K. Nakayama,Dynamics of oscillating scalar field in thermal environment, JCAP01(2013) 017 [1208.3399]

    work page arXiv 2013

  64. [64]

    Mukaida and K

    K. Mukaida and K. Nakayama,Dissipative Effects on Reheating after Inflation,JCAP03 (2013) 002 [1212.4985]

    work page arXiv 2013

  65. [65]

    Mukaida, K

    K. Mukaida, K. Nakayama and M. Takimoto,Fate ofZ2 Symmetric Scalar Field,JHEP12 (2013) 053 [1308.4394]

    work page arXiv 2013

  66. [66]

    Drewes and J

    M. Drewes and J.U. Kang,The Kinematics of Cosmic Reheating,Nucl. Phys. B875(2013) 315 [1305.0267]. – 49 –

    work page arXiv 2013

  67. [67]

    Drewes,On finite density effects on cosmic reheating and moduli decay and implications for Dark Matter production,JCAP11(2014) 020 [1406.6243]

    M. Drewes,On finite density effects on cosmic reheating and moduli decay and implications for Dark Matter production,JCAP11(2014) 020 [1406.6243]

    work page arXiv 2014

  68. [68]

    Adshead, Y

    P. Adshead, Y. Cui and J. Shelton,Chilly Dark Sectors and Asymmetric Reheating,JHEP 06(2016) 016 [1604.02458]

    work page arXiv 2016

  69. [69]

    Tanin and E.D

    E.H. Tanin and E.D. Stewart,Damping of an oscillating scalar field indirectly coupled to a thermal bath,JCAP11(2017) 019 [1708.04865]

    work page arXiv 2017

  70. [70]

    Drewes, J.U

    M. Drewes, J.U. Kang and U.R. Mun,CMB constraints on the inflaton couplings and reheating temperature inα-attractor inflation,JHEP11(2017) 072 [1708.01197]

    work page arXiv 2017

  71. [71]

    Garcia, K

    M.A.G. Garcia, K. Kaneta, Y. Mambrini and K.A. Olive,Inflaton Oscillations and Post-Inflationary Reheating,JCAP04(2021) 012 [2012.10756]

    work page arXiv 2021

  72. [72]

    W.-Y. Ai, M. Drewes, D. Glavan and J. Hajer,Oscillating scalar dissipating in a medium, JHEP11(2021) 160 [2108.00254]

    work page arXiv 2021

  73. [73]

    Ming,The thermal feedback effects on the temperature evolution during reheating,Int

    L. Ming,The thermal feedback effects on the temperature evolution during reheating,Int. J. Mod. Phys. A36(2021) 2150170 [2104.11874]

    work page arXiv 2021

  74. [74]

    Adshead, P

    P. Adshead, P. Ralegankar and J. Shelton,Reheating in two-sector cosmology,JHEP08 (2019) 151 [1906.02755]

    work page arXiv 2019

  75. [75]

    Ai and Z.-L

    W.-Y. Ai and Z.-L. Wang,Fate of oscillating homogeneousZ2-symmetric scalar condensates in the early Universe,JCAP06(2024) 075 [2307.14811]

    work page arXiv 2024

  76. [76]

    Wang and W.-Y

    Z.-L. Wang and W.-Y. Ai,Dissipation of oscillating scalar backgrounds in an FLRW universe,JHEP11(2022) 075 [2202.08218]

    work page arXiv 2022

  77. [77]

    W.-Y. Ai, A. Beniwal, A. Maggi and D.J.E. Marsh,From QFT to Boltzmann: freeze-in in the presence of oscillating condensates,JHEP02(2024) 122 [2310.08272]

    work page arXiv 2024

  78. [78]

    Minami, K

    K. Minami, K. Mukaida and K. Nakayama,Reheating with thermal dissipation and primordial gravitational waves,JCAP03(2026) 016 [2510.02481]

    work page arXiv 2026

  79. [79]

    Bernal, Q.-f

    N. Bernal, Q.-f. Wu, X.-J. Xu and Y. Xu,Probing Bose-enhanced Inflaton Decay with Gravitational Waves,2601.20939

    work page internal anchor Pith review arXiv

  80. [80]

    Beneke, F

    M. Beneke, F. Dighera and A. Hryczuk,Relic density computations at NLO: infrared finiteness and thermal correction,JHEP10(2014) 045 [1409.3049]

    work page arXiv 2014

Showing first 80 references.