Derives integro-differential boundary equations from bulk locality for scale-breaking cosmological correlators with oscillating heavy-field masses and solves them analytically and numerically to reveal enhanced collider signals.
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Reheating after Inflation
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abstract
The theory of reheating of the Universe after inflation is developed. The transition from inflation to the hot Universe turns out to be strongly model-dependent and typically consists of several stages. Immediately after inflation the field $\phi$ begins rapidly rolling towards the minimum of its effective potential. Contrary to some earlier expectations, particle production during this stage does not lead to the appearance of an extra friction term $\Gamma\dot\phi$ in the equation of motion of the field $\phi$. Reheating becomes efficient only at the next stage, when the field $\phi$ rapidly oscillates near the minimum of its effective potential. We have found that typically in the beginning of this stage the classical inflaton field $\phi$ very rapidly (explosively) decays into $\phi$-particles or into other bosons due to broad parametric resonance. This stage cannot be described by the standard elementary approach to reheating based on perturbation theory. The bosons produced at this stage, as well as some part of the classical field $\phi$ which survives the stage of explosive reheating, should further decay into other particles, which eventually become thermalized. The last stages of decay can be described in terms of perturbation theory. Complete reheating is possible only in those theories where a single massive $\phi$-particle can decay into other particles. This imposes strong constraints on the structure of inflationary models. On the other hand, this means that a scalar field can be a cold dark matter candidate even if it is strongly coupled to other fields.
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UNVERDICTED 26representative citing papers
An oscillating homogeneous SU(2) condensate indirectly induces parametric resonance in U(1) helicity modes via a pseudoscalar mediator, producing a Hill equation that reduces to Mathieu form with derived resonance conditions and a non-chiral property in the periodic limit.
Mixing of ultralight wave dark matter fields creates a wave-envelope structure with intrinsic slow modulation and frequency sidebands, violating the standard monochromatic assumption.
Resonant exponential growth of millicharged scalars in k²>0 electromagnetic waves is obtained by mapping the Klein-Gordon equation to the Mathieu equation, yielding new constraints on such particles.
Improved end-of-inflation dynamics shift the Starobinsky model's predicted spectral index n_s by up to 1.2×10^{-3} within the allowed reheating range.
Lattice QCD computations in thermal effective field theory yield sphaleron rates and axion production rates that deviate from perturbative estimates at high temperatures.
Post-inflationary axion-SU(2) vector dark matter production is recast as a quantum quench with a survival factor that induces an O(1) renormalization of the standard relic abundance.
Axion-like particles in the trapped misalignment mechanism produce observable gravitational waves while generating intergalactic magnetic fields that exceed blazar lower bounds in the parameter space promising for gravitational wave detection.
Inflaton accretion during reheating drives non-linear PBH mass growth that extends lifetimes and amplifies emitted SGWB by multiple orders of magnitude.
Perturbative inflaton decay emits an irreducible stochastic GW background with Ω_GW ∝ f spectrum whose amplitude is set by the hard decay rate and reaches O(10^{-17}) at GHz scales.
Deformed alpha-attractor T-models with a Gaussian feature near the minimum yield more smaller shorter-lived oscillons during self-resonance preheating, suppressing energy in oscillons and altering the high-frequency gravitational wave tail while leaving low frequencies unchanged.
High-frequency primordial gravitational waves extend to higher frequencies due to post-inflation inflaton dynamics, and their detailed spectrum shape can distinguish inflation models.
Thermal bath corrections derived via thermofield dynamics enhance the evaporation rate of primordial black holes, shortening their lifetimes relative to zero-temperature calculations.
Dark matter freezes in from non-thermal Z' decays before reheating ends in an inflationary model with a secluded U(1)_D gauge sector, Z' reheaton, and lattice treatment of non-perturbative effects, opening viable parameter space with GW probes.
Lattice simulations show that the post-inflationary equation of state with trilinear interactions returns to zero after an initial deviation, substantially lowering stochastic gravitational wave amplitudes relative to prior estimates.
K-inflation with non-canonical kinetic term G(φ) shifts α-attractor T-models and natural inflation into the Planck-ACT-LB-BK18 allowed region while satisfying Swampland conjectures and producing testable GW spectra.
A closed k=+1 FRW universe with curvature-driven bounce and canonical scalar inflation remains sub-Planckian, satisfies the null energy condition, and produces ns=0.9617-0.9650 and r=0.0037-0.0045 consistent with data.
Torsion-induced fermion condensate produces hybrid inflation with axial-chemical-potential waterfall, Q-ball PBH seeds, and parity-violating signatures in Chern-Simons gravity.
Analytic approximations for fermion number density in λφ⁴ preheating scale as q^{1/2} for q ≲ 0.01 and q^{3/4} for q ≳ 10, with resonance peaks or half-filled Fermi spheres depending on the coupling.
A spectator scalar field with strong portal coupling to the inflaton sources a stochastic gravitational wave background reaching Ω_GW h² ∼ 10^{-11} at frequencies 10^7-10^8 Hz for benchmark parameters σ/λ ≃ 10^4 and T_reh = 2×10^{14} GeV.
Differences in inflationary energy scales between Einstein and Jordan frames produce distinct reheating e-folding numbers and temperatures, leading to contrasting thermal histories with potential observational signatures.
Thermal corrections to reheating and freeze-in DM production rates are generally small in the computable regime but can be large in constructed counter-examples.
Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet corrections with exponential or sech couplings shift quintessential inflation into the 1 sigma ACT region for r and ns, while tanh coupling remains disfavored.
Updated constraints on non-zero VEV parameter M from ACT+Planck data, plus lattice simulations showing oscillon formation and reheating implications.
citing papers explorer
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Every Wrinkle Carries A Memory: An Integro-differential Bootstrap for Features in Cosmological Correlators
Derives integro-differential boundary equations from bulk locality for scale-breaking cosmological correlators with oscillating heavy-field masses and solves them analytically and numerically to reveal enhanced collider signals.
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Indirect Parametric Resonance of the Electromagnetic Field Driven by an Oscillating SU(2) Dark Matter Condensate
An oscillating homogeneous SU(2) condensate indirectly induces parametric resonance in U(1) helicity modes via a pseudoscalar mediator, producing a Hill equation that reduces to Mathieu form with derived resonance conditions and a non-chiral property in the periodic limit.
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Wave-envelope dark matter beyond the monochromatic paradigm
Mixing of ultralight wave dark matter fields creates a wave-envelope structure with intrinsic slow modulation and frequency sidebands, violating the standard monochromatic assumption.
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Resonant production of millicharged scalars in $k^2>0$ electromagnetic wave background
Resonant exponential growth of millicharged scalars in k²>0 electromagnetic waves is obtained by mapping the Klein-Gordon equation to the Mathieu equation, yielding new constraints on such particles.
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Precision Inflationary Predictions: Impact of Accurate End-of-Inflation Dynamics
Improved end-of-inflation dynamics shift the Starobinsky model's predicted spectral index n_s by up to 1.2×10^{-3} within the allowed reheating range.
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Revisiting the sphaleron and axion production rates in QCD at high temperatures
Lattice QCD computations in thermal effective field theory yield sphaleron rates and axion production rates that deviate from perturbative estimates at high temperatures.
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Post-Inflationary Quenched Production of Axion SU(2) Dark Matter
Post-inflationary axion-SU(2) vector dark matter production is recast as a quantum quench with a survival factor that induces an O(1) renormalization of the standard relic abundance.
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Audible Axion Magnetogenesis: Linking Intergalactic Magnetic Fields and Gravitational Waves
Axion-like particles in the trapped misalignment mechanism produce observable gravitational waves while generating intergalactic magnetic fields that exceed blazar lower bounds in the parameter space promising for gravitational wave detection.
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Inflaton Accretion onto Primordial Black Holes During Reheating
Inflaton accretion during reheating drives non-linear PBH mass growth that extends lifetimes and amplifies emitted SGWB by multiple orders of magnitude.
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Irreducible Graviton Floor from Reheating
Perturbative inflaton decay emits an irreducible stochastic GW background with Ω_GW ∝ f spectrum whose amplitude is set by the hard decay rate and reaches O(10^{-17}) at GHz scales.
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Self-resonance preheating in deformed attractor models: oscillon formation and evolution
Deformed alpha-attractor T-models with a Gaussian feature near the minimum yield more smaller shorter-lived oscillons during self-resonance preheating, suppressing energy in oscillons and altering the high-frequency gravitational wave tail while leaving low frequencies unchanged.
-
High Frequency Spectrum of Primordial Gravitational Waves
High-frequency primordial gravitational waves extend to higher frequencies due to post-inflation inflaton dynamics, and their detailed spectrum shape can distinguish inflation models.
-
Evaporation of Primordial Black Holes in a Thermal Universe: A Thermofield Dynamics Approach
Thermal bath corrections derived via thermofield dynamics enhance the evaporation rate of primordial black holes, shortening their lifetimes relative to zero-temperature calculations.
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Dark Matter Freeze-in from a $Z^\prime$ Reheaton
Dark matter freezes in from non-thermal Z' decays before reheating ends in an inflationary model with a secluded U(1)_D gauge sector, Z' reheaton, and lattice treatment of non-perturbative effects, opening viable parameter space with GW probes.
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Equation of state during (p)reheating with trilinear interactions
Lattice simulations show that the post-inflationary equation of state with trilinear interactions returns to zero after an initial deviation, substantially lowering stochastic gravitational wave amplitudes relative to prior estimates.
-
Reviving Motivated Inflationary Potentials with $K$-inflation in the light of ACT
K-inflation with non-canonical kinetic term G(φ) shifts α-attractor T-models and natural inflation into the Planck-ACT-LB-BK18 allowed region while satisfying Swampland conjectures and producing testable GW spectra.
-
Geodesically Complete Curvature-Bounce Inflation
A closed k=+1 FRW universe with curvature-driven bounce and canonical scalar inflation remains sub-Planckian, satisfies the null energy condition, and produces ns=0.9617-0.9650 and r=0.0037-0.0045 consistent with data.
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Fermion Condensate Inflation, Dynamical Waterfall Mechanism and Primordial Black Holes
Torsion-induced fermion condensate produces hybrid inflation with axial-chemical-potential waterfall, Q-ball PBH seeds, and parity-violating signatures in Chern-Simons gravity.
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Analytic Approximations for Fermionic Preheating
Analytic approximations for fermion number density in λφ⁴ preheating scale as q^{1/2} for q ≲ 0.01 and q^{3/4} for q ≳ 10, with resonance peaks or half-filled Fermi spheres depending on the coupling.
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Gravitational Waves from Matter Perturbations of Spectator Scalar Fields
A spectator scalar field with strong portal coupling to the inflaton sources a stochastic gravitational wave background reaching Ω_GW h² ∼ 10^{-11} at frequencies 10^7-10^8 Hz for benchmark parameters σ/λ ≃ 10^4 and T_reh = 2×10^{14} GeV.
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Einstein or Jordan: seeking answers from the reheating constraints
Differences in inflationary energy scales between Einstein and Jordan frames produce distinct reheating e-folding numbers and temperatures, leading to contrasting thermal histories with potential observational signatures.
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Thermal effects on Dark Matter production during cosmic reheating
Thermal corrections to reheating and freeze-in DM production rates are generally small in the computable regime but can be large in constructed counter-examples.
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Constraining Quintessential Inflation with ACT: A Gauss-Bonnet Gateway
Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet corrections with exponential or sech couplings shift quintessential inflation into the 1 sigma ACT region for r and ns, while tanh coupling remains disfavored.
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ACT DR6+Planck impact on inflation with non-zero vacuum expectation value and the post-inflationary behavior
Updated constraints on non-zero VEV parameter M from ACT+Planck data, plus lattice simulations showing oscillon formation and reheating implications.
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Science Case for the Einstein Telescope
The Einstein Telescope will enable gravitational-wave observations up to cosmological distances, opening avenues for discoveries in astrophysics, cosmology, and fundamental physics.
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Lectures on Reheating after Inflation
Lecture notes providing a generic introduction to reheating after inflation, covering its theoretical, phenomenological, and observational aspects.