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Riemann-Hilbert correspondence and blown up surface defects
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abstract
The relationship of two dimensional quantum field theory and isomonodromic deformations of Fuchsian systems has a long history. Recently four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ gauge theories joined the party in a multitude of roles. In this paper we study the vacuum expectation values of intersecting half-BPS surface defects in $SU(2)$ theory with $N_f=4$ fundamental hypermultiplets. We show they form a horizontal section of a Fuchsian system on a sphere with $5$ regular singularities, calculate the monodromy, and define the associated isomonodromic tau-function. Using the blowup formula in the presence of half-BPS surface defects, initiated in the companion paper, we obtain the GIL formula, establishing an unexpected relation of the topological string/free fermion regime of supersymmetric gauge theory to classical integrability.
Forward citations
Cited by 7 Pith papers
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In 5d N=1 U(N) gauge theory, codimension-two defects produce Q-operators whose q-difference equations are the Baxter TQ equations of XXZ spin chains built on bi-infinite evaluation modules of quantum affine algebras.
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Blowing-up the edge: connection formulae and stability chart of the Lam\'e equation
The paper derives the resummed Nekrasov-Shatashvili free energy from blow-up equations and uses it to compute the band-gap structure, connection formulas, and stability chart of the Lamé equation.
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Split Heun functions via blown-up surface defects
Blow-up equations for NS functions alone resum resonant poles of bulk and defect prepotentials, producing split Heun band-edge solutions, logarithmic companions, and nested mass loci for gap closure versus semisimple ...
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For (1,k) Virasoro models, periodic vertex operators plus two degenerate fields solve a modified Riemann–Hilbert problem; in the k=2, c=-2 case the solution is explicit and satisfies new bilinear identities.
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Decoupling Limit of Quiver Theories and the Angular Spectra of Extreme C-metrics
Angular eigenvalues of the extreme charged C-metric are computed analytically via a confluent limit of SU(2)×SU(2) quiver gauge theory, matching numerical results.
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For 5d N=1 pure gauge theories, Wilson-loop blowup equations can be fixed using one-form symmetry and low-instanton data, and one-instanton free energies admit a universal v=sqrt(q1q2) expansion resembling Hilbert series.
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Surface Defects in $A$-type Little String Theories
The authors give a combinatorial partition function for A-type little string theories with a full-type surface defect and argue that two NS-limit regularizations are both regular due to a recursive pole-cancellation identity.
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