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A Survey on RAG Meeting LLMs: Towards Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models

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arxiv 2405.06211 v3 pith:7AENBG3V submitted 2024-05-10 cs.CL cs.AIcs.IR

A Survey on RAG Meeting LLMs: Towards Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models

classification cs.CL cs.AIcs.IR
keywords knowledgellmslanguagegenerationlargemodelsprovidingra-llms
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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As one of the most advanced techniques in AI, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) can offer reliable and up-to-date external knowledge, providing huge convenience for numerous tasks. Particularly in the era of AI-Generated Content (AIGC), the powerful capacity of retrieval in providing additional knowledge enables RAG to assist existing generative AI in producing high-quality outputs. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated revolutionary abilities in language understanding and generation, while still facing inherent limitations, such as hallucinations and out-of-date internal knowledge. Given the powerful abilities of RAG in providing the latest and helpful auxiliary information, Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models (RA-LLMs) have emerged to harness external and authoritative knowledge bases, rather than solely relying on the model's internal knowledge, to augment the generation quality of LLMs. In this survey, we comprehensively review existing research studies in RA-LLMs, covering three primary technical perspectives: architectures, training strategies, and applications. As the preliminary knowledge, we briefly introduce the foundations and recent advances of LLMs. Then, to illustrate the practical significance of RAG for LLMs, we systematically review mainstream relevant work by their architectures, training strategies, and application areas, detailing specifically the challenges of each and the corresponding capabilities of RA-LLMs. Finally, to deliver deeper insights, we discuss current limitations and several promising directions for future research. Updated information about this survey can be found at https://advanced-recommender-systems.github.io/RAG-Meets-LLMs/

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Cited by 12 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Purifying Multimodal Retrieval: Fragment-Level Evidence Selection for RAG

    cs.IR 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    FES-RAG reframes multimodal RAG as fragment-level selection using Fragment Information Gain to outperform document-level methods with up to 27% relative CIDEr gains on M2RAG while shortening context.

  2. Memory in the Loop: In-Process Retrieval as ExtendedWorking Memory for Language Agents

    cs.AI 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.5

    Store latency, not architecture, gates per-step memory access; in-process ~100 µs stores make memory-in-the-loop feasible and causally reduce redundant agent actions.

  3. A Unified Framework for Context-Aware and Relation-Aware Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation

    cs.AI 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    HyGRAG is a hierarchical graph RAG framework that constructs LLM summaries over hybrid chunk-entity graphs, retrieves via context and relation awareness across levels, and enables dynamic updates, reporting a 9.7% ave...

  4. AGE: Adaptive-masking for Graph Embedding in Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation

    cs.IR 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    AGE applies adaptive masking via a learnable sampler in Transformer-based SSL to align graph and text embeddings, yielding higher accuracy on four GraphQA benchmarks for non-parametric GraphRAG.

  5. When Agents Handle Secrets: A Survey of Confidential Computing for Agentic AI

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    A survey providing a taxonomy of TEE platforms, an agent-centric threat model, and open challenges for applying confidential computing to secure agentic AI systems.

  6. Policy-Aware Edge LLM-RAG Framework for Internet of Battlefield Things Mission Orchestration

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    PA-LLM-RAG adds policy retrieval and dual-LLM verification to enable reliable low-latency mission orchestration in simulated IoBT environments, with Gemma-2B reaching 100% policy compliance at 4.17s latency.

  7. On the Representational Limits of Quantum-Inspired 1024-D Document Embeddings: An Experimental Evaluation Framework

    cs.IR 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Quantum-inspired 1024-D document embeddings exhibit weak, unstable ranking performance and structural geometric limitations, performing better as auxiliary components in hybrid lexical-embedding retrieval systems.

  8. Retrieval-Augmented Generation with Graphs (GraphRAG)

    cs.IR 2024-12 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    A survey proposing a holistic GraphRAG framework with components including query processor, retriever, organizer, generator, and data source, plus domain-tailored reviews, challenges, and future directions.

  9. E2LLM: Encoder Elongated Large Language Models for Long-Context Understanding and Reasoning

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    cs.CV 2024-02 accept novelty 5.0

    A survey classifying RAG foundations for AIGC, summarizing enhancements, cross-modal applications, benchmarks, limitations, and future directions.

  11. When Agents Handle Secrets: A Survey of Confidential Computing for Agentic AI

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    A structured survey of confidential computing for agentic AI that catalogs TEE platforms, agent-specific threats, transferable defenses, and remaining gaps in end-to-end frameworks.

  12. A Survey of Mamba

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