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One Flight Over the Gap: A Survey from Perspective to Panoramic Vision

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arxiv 2509.04444 v2 pith:7IPZBD6U submitted 2025-09-04 cs.CV

One Flight Over the Gap: A Survey from Perspective to Panoramic Vision

classification cs.CV
keywords panoramicvisionchallengesperspectiveprojectionvisualacrossadaptation
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Driven by the demand for spatial intelligence and holistic scene perception, omnidirectional images (ODIs), which provide a complete 360\textdegree{} field of view, are receiving growing attention across diverse applications such as virtual reality, autonomous driving, and embodied robotics. Despite their unique characteristics, ODIs exhibit remarkable differences from perspective images in geometric projection, spatial distribution, and boundary continuity, making it challenging for direct domain adaption from perspective methods. This survey reviews recent panoramic vision techniques with a particular emphasis on the perspective-to-panorama adaptation. We first revisit the panoramic imaging pipeline and projection methods to build the prior knowledge required for analyzing the structural disparities. Then, we summarize three challenges of domain adaptation: severe geometric distortions near the poles, non-uniform sampling in Equirectangular Projection (ERP), and periodic boundary continuity. Building on this, we cover 20+ representative tasks drawn from more than 300 research papers in two dimensions. On one hand, we present a cross-method analysis of representative strategies for addressing panoramic specific challenges across different tasks. On the other hand, we conduct a cross-task comparison and classify panoramic vision into four major categories: visual quality enhancement and assessment, visual understanding, multimodal understanding, and visual generation. In addition, we discuss open challenges and future directions in data, models, and applications that will drive the advancement of panoramic vision research. We hope that our work can provide new insight and forward looking perspectives to advance the development of panoramic vision technologies. Our project page is https://insta360-research-team.github.io/Survey-of-Panorama

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Cited by 10 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

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    cs.CV 2026-07 accept novelty 6.0

    A geometry and gradient-based partitioning strategy enables scalable block-wise 3D Gaussian Splatting for large-scale panoramic outdoor scenes.

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    cs.CV 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    CylindTrack improves identity preservation in panoramic multi-object tracking by combining depth-temporal trajectory modeling, spherical spatio-temporal consistency learning, and topology-aware cylindrical motion prediction.

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    PanoWorld adds spherical spatial cross-attention and pano-native training data to MLLMs for improved spatial reasoning on ERP panoramas, outperforming baselines on new and existing benchmarks.

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