REVIEW 11 cited by
Imaging the initial condition of heavy-ion collisions and nuclear structure across the nuclide chart
Not yet reviewed by Pith; the record is open.
This paper has not been read by Pith yet. Machine review is queued; the pith claim, tier, and objections will appear here once it completes.
SPECIMEN: schema-true, not a live event
T0 review · schema-true
One-sentence machine reading of the paper's core claim.
pith:XXXXXXXX · record.json · timestamp
Imaging the initial condition of heavy-ion collisions and nuclear structure across the nuclide chart
read the original abstract
High-energy nuclear collisions encompass three key stages: the structure of the colliding nuclei informed by low-energy nuclear physics, the initial condition (IC) leading to the formation of quark-gluon plasma (QGP), and the hydrodynamic expansion and hadronization of the QGP leading to final-state hadrons observed experimentally. Recent advances in experimental and theoretical methods have ushered in a precision era, enabling an increasingly accurate understanding of these stages. However, most approaches involve simultaneously determining both QGP properties and initial conditions from a single collision system, creating complexity due to the coupled contributions of various stages to the final-state observables. To avoid this, we propose leveraging known knowledge of low-energy nuclear structure and hydrodynamic observables to constrain the IC independently. By conducting comparative studies of collisions involving isobar-like nuclei - species with similar mass numbers but different structures - we disentangle the initial condition's impacts from the QGP properties. This approach not only refines our understanding of the IC but also turns high-energy experiments into a precision tool for imaging nuclear structures, offering insights that complement traditional low-energy approaches. Opportunities for carrying out such comparative experiments at the LHC and other facilities could significantly advance both high-energy and low-energy nuclear physics. Additionally, this approach has implications for the future EIC. While the possibilities are extensive, we focus on selected proposals that could benefit both the high-energy and low-energy nuclear physics communities. Originally prepared as input for the long-range plan of U.S. nuclear physics, this white paper reflects the status as of September 2022, with a brief update on developments since then.
Forward citations
Cited by 11 Pith papers
-
Evidence of nuclear geometry-driven anisotropic flow in OO and Ne$-$Ne collisions at $\mathbf{\sqrt{{\textit s}_{\rm\mathbf {NN}}}}$ = 5.36 TeV
First measurements of elliptic and triangular flow in OO and Ne-Ne collisions show geometry-driven collectivity consistent with hydrodynamic predictions.
-
Measurement of the azimuthal anisotropy of charged particles in $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.36$ TeV $^{16}$O$+^{16}$O and $^{20}$Ne$+^{20}$Ne collisions with the ATLAS detector
First measurements of v_n (n=2-4) in 5.36 TeV O+O and Ne+Ne collisions show enhanced v2 in central neon collisions consistent with prolate nuclear deformation.
-
Yoctosecond imaging of the ground state of $^{129}$Xe at the Large Hadron Collider
Bayesian global fit to Xe-Xe and Pb-Pb LHC data infers nearly maximal triaxiality for the 129Xe ground state and extracts two- and three-particle correlations.
-
Fermi-liquid view of viscosity in cold and dense nucleon matter
In a quasiparticle Fermi liquid with medium-dependent mass, imposing Landau matching makes the bulk viscosity manifestly non-negative and parametrically smaller than shear viscosity at low temperature, ζ/η ∝ (T/μ*)⁴.
-
Nonlinear collective flow reveals the breakdown of quadrupole--hexadecapole scaling in heavy ion collisions
The nonlinear flow coefficient ξ6,222 in simulated U+U collisions separates the four (β2, β4) nuclear topology classes, making the sign of the hexadecapole deformation β4 experimentally accessible.
-
Measurements of charged-particle pseudorapidity and transverse momentum distributions in O+O and Ne+Ne collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_\text{NN}}} = 5.36$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
ATLAS measures charged-particle pseudorapidity density and mean transverse momentum in O+O and Ne+Ne collisions at 5.36 TeV as a function of centrality and eta.
-
Equilibrated fraction of QCD matter in high-energy oxygen--oxygen collisions
The equilibrated core in O+O collisions overtakes the nonequilibrium corona above midrapidity multiplicity of about 20, yet corona contributions persist in central events, making pure hydrodynamics inadequate.
-
Heavy quark polarization anisotropy as a novel probe of fireball geometry
Heavy-flavor polarization harmonics are introduced as observables whose Fourier coefficients are claimed to be proportional to the initial fireball spatial eccentricities.
-
The size of the quark-gluon plasma in ultracentral collisions: impact of initial density fluctuations on the average transverse momentum
Volume variation with multiplicity in ultracentral collisions is small when total entropy scales with nuclear mass number, as shown by relating it to initial density fluctuation profiles.
-
Scaling approach to rigid and soft nuclear deformation through flow fluctuations in high-energy nuclear collisions
Triangular flow four-particle cumulants scale linearly with the fourth moment of octupole deformation, allowing the mean and variance of 238U octupole deformation to be extracted separately.
-
Nuclear structure and saturation effects from diffractive vector meson production
Predictions for vector meson production in light-nucleus UPCs show t-differential observables sensitive to nuclear structure models and saturation suppression that grows with nuclear mass and collision energy.
discussion (0)
Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.