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Attend-and-Excite: Attention-Based Semantic Guidance for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models

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arxiv 2301.13826 v2 pith:CVG2Y4FG submitted 2023-01-31 cs.CV cs.CLcs.GRcs.LG

classification cs.CVcs.CLcs.GRcs.LG
keywords modelprompttextdiffusiongenerategenerativemodelssubjects
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Recent text-to-image generative models have demonstrated an unparalleled ability to generate diverse and creative imagery guided by a target text prompt. While revolutionary, current state-of-the-art diffusion models may still fail in generating images that fully convey the semantics in the given text prompt. We analyze the publicly available Stable Diffusion model and assess the existence of catastrophic neglect, where the model fails to generate one or more of the subjects from the input prompt. Moreover, we find that in some cases the model also fails to correctly bind attributes (e.g., colors) to their corresponding subjects. To help mitigate these failure cases, we introduce the concept of Generative Semantic Nursing (GSN), where we seek to intervene in the generative process on the fly during inference time to improve the faithfulness of the generated images. Using an attention-based formulation of GSN, dubbed Attend-and-Excite, we guide the model to refine the cross-attention units to attend to all subject tokens in the text prompt and strengthen - or excite - their activations, encouraging the model to generate all subjects described in the text prompt. We compare our approach to alternative approaches and demonstrate that it conveys the desired concepts more faithfully across a range of text prompts.

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Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Text-to-Image Models Need Less from Text Encoders Than You Think

    cs.CV 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    A bag-of-position-tagged-words embedding guides text-to-image diffusion models as effectively as full contextual text embeddings from standard encoders.

  2. AttentionBender: Manipulating Cross-Attention in Video Diffusion Transformers as a Creative Probe

    cs.MM 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    AttentionBender applies 2D transforms to cross-attention maps in video diffusion transformers, producing distributed distortions and glitch aesthetics that reveal entangled attention mechanisms while serving as both a...

  3. Stylistic Attribute Control in Latent Diffusion Models

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    A technique for parametric stylistic control in latent diffusion models learns disentangled directions from synthetic datasets and applies them via guidance composition while preserving semantics.

  4. Edit in 2D, Verify in 3D: Reinforcement Learning for Multi-view Consistent Scene Editing

    cs.CV 2026-03 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    RL3DEdit fine-tunes FLUX-Kontext with GRPO using VGGT confidence and pose rewards to produce multi-view consistent 3D scene edits in a single pass.

  5. TokenFlow: Consistent Diffusion Features for Consistent Video Editing

    cs.CV 2023-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    TokenFlow produces consistent text-driven video edits by propagating diffusion features according to inter-frame correspondences extracted from the source video.

  6. Inside the Latent Flow: Causal Deciphering of Attention Dynamics in Audio Separation Foundation Models

    cs.SD 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    Causal probing of attention in audio separation transformers identifies dual pathways and asynchronous convergence, enabling a training-free Layer-Selective Attention Caching method that reduces self-attention computa...

  7. Proto-LeakNet: Towards Signal-Leak Aware Attribution in Synthetic Human Face Imagery

    cs.CV 2025-11 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    Proto-LeakNet reaches 98.13% closed-set Macro AUC but only about 57% AUROC for open-set separation, directly contradicting the abstract's claim of strong generalization.

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