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Searching for a Ringdown Overtone in GW150914

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arxiv 2205.07809 v2 pith:EGYC7TTQ submitted 2022-05-16 gr-qc astro-ph.HE

classification gr-qcastro-ph.HE
keywords analysisovertoneringdowndatagw150914timeamplitudeevidence
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abstract

We reanalyze the GW150914 post-merger data searching for quasinormal modes beyond the fundamental, quadrupolar mode. There is currently an ongoing disagreement in the literature about whether, and to what extent, the data contains evidence for a quasinormal mode overtone. We use a frequency-domain approach to ringdown data analysis that was recently proposed by the authors. Our analysis has several advantages compared to other analyses performed mainly in the time domain; in particular, the source sky position and the ringdown start time are marginalized over (as opposed to simply being fixed) as part of a Bayesian ringdown analysis. We find tentative evidence for an overtone in GW150914, but at a lower significance than reported elsewhere. Our preferred analysis, marginalizing over the uncertainty in the time of peak strain amplitude, gives a posterior on the overtone amplitude peaked away from zero at $\sim 1.8\sigma$.

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Forward citations

Cited by 9 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Foundations of Direct Waves in Schwarzschild Ringdown

    gr-qc 2026-07 accept novelty 7.0 of 10

    Direct waves in filtered Schwarzschild ringdown are the anti-causal filter-pole contribution sourced by near-horizon trajectory dynamics and do not vanish.

  2. Probing Direct Waves in Black Hole Ringdowns

    gr-qc 2025-09 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Merger gravitational wave signals contain a 'direct wave' from the plunging companions, screened by the remnant's potential, with frequency near the superradiant value for high-spin remnants and SNR above 10 in GW1509...

  3. Nonlinearities in Kerr Black Hole Ringdown from the Penrose Limit

    gr-qc 2025-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Kerr quadratic quasi-normal mode amplitudes and phases are computed analytically in the eikonal limit via the Penrose limit, giving an explicit spin-dependent nonlinearity ratio.

  4. GW250114 reveals black hole horizon signatures

    gr-qc 2025-10 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The merger signal of GW250114 contains a residual 'direct wave' component whose frequency and damping match the remnant horizon's rotation frequency and surface gravity.

  5. First Overtone Mode in the Ringdown Signal of GW231028

    gr-qc 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The ringdown of GW231028 contains evidence for the 221 first overtone mode alongside the dominant 220 mode, with a Bayes factor of 193 at 10M after the peak.

  6. Detection of a Higher Harmonic Quasi-normal Mode in the Ringdown Signal of GW231123

    gr-qc 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The ringdown of GW231123 contains a detectable 200 quasinormal mode in addition to the fundamental 220 mode, with log10 Bayes factor 5.3, and the inferred remnant mass and spin agree with general relativity.

  7. Statistical identification of ringdown modes with rational filters

    gr-qc 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A frequentist false-alarm framework for rational-filter ringdown analysis is validated on numerical relativity waveforms and shows only marginal evidence for the 221 overtone in GW150914.

  8. Potential science with GW250114 -- the loudest binary black hole merger detected to date

    gr-qc 2025-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    This simulation study forecasts that GW250114 can reveal measurable orbital eccentricity, decisive ringdown overtones, and tight black hole area theorem constraints.

  9. Reanalyzing the ringdown signal of GW150914 using the F-statistic method

    gr-qc 2024-11 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Applying the F-statistic method to GW150914's ringdown yields FIC = -0.3 for adding the first overtone, consistent with no overtone, while an injection with an overtone yields FIC = 0.3.

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