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How the QCD trace anomaly behaves at the core of twin stars?

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arxiv 2408.11614 v2 pith:GUJKWFZN submitted 2024-08-21 hep-ph gr-qchep-latnucl-th

classification hep-phgr-qchep-latnucl-th
keywords deltabehaviorstarsstrongtwinanomalydensedensities
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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abstract

We investigate the behavior of the dense and cold (normalized) QCD trace anomaly, $\Delta$, in the interior of twin neutron stars (obtained from several sets of equations of state in agreement with modern compact-star and multimessenger data) satisfying static and dynamic stability conditions. We scan the formed twin-star parameter space in order to look for effects caused by the presence of a strong first-order phase transition connecting hadron and quark phases by means of a Maxwell construction. We found robustly that $\Delta$ suffers an abrupt decrease around the transition point, even reaching large negative values ($\Delta\simeq-0.35$), in marked contrast to current studies pointing out a smooth behavior with $\Delta\gtrsim 0$ at all densities. Besides, we characterize the behavior of {the recently defined} conformal factor, $d_{c}$, in our four categories of twin stars for which we perform comparisons with theoretical constraints put, e.g. by Bayesian studies sometimes adjusted to agree with perturbative QCD at high densities. These analyses allow us to hypothesize modifications in the strong QCD coupling in dense nuclear matter with a strong thermodynamic discontinuity.

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Cited by 3 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. How Neutron Star Radii Encode the Dense-Matter Equation of State and Hadron-Quark Transition

    astro-ph.HE 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A Bayesian analysis of mock neutron star radius measurements shows that precision radii mainly constrain the symmetry-energy parameters L and Ksym and the quark transition density, while transition strength and quark ...

  2. Quantifying the Information Gain from Future High-Precision Radius Measurements for Identifying Twin Neutron Stars

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    The paper claims a radius precision of ~0.2 km is enough to extract most Bayesian information for identifying twin neutron stars, but its own distinguishability and entropy analyses suggest notable gains remain down t...

  3. Novel Scalings of Neutron Star Properties from Analyzing Dimensionless Tolman--Oppenheimer--Volkoff Equations

    astro-ph.HE 2025-01 reject novelty 3.0 of 10

    IPAD-TOV is a perturbative analysis of dimensionless TOV equations yielding claimed EOS-model-independent scalings and a bound X=Pc/εc≤0.374, used to extract central EOS from NS observations.

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