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Early-Universe-Physics Insensitive and Uncalibrated Cosmic Standards: Constraints on $\Omega_{\rm{m}}$ and Implications for the Hubble Tension

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arxiv 2102.05701 v2 pith:I7FH2PHQ submitted 2021-02-10 astro-ph.CO hep-phhep-th

classification astro-ph.COhep-phhep-th
keywords cosmicphysicsconstraintsearly-universeinsensitivebackgroundrecombinationtension
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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abstract

To further shed light on whether pre-recombination models can resolve the Hubble tension, we explore constraints on the cosmic background evolution that are insensitive to early-universe physics. The analysis of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy has been thought to highly rely on early-universe physics. However, we show that the fact that the sound horizon at recombination being close to that at the end of the drag epoch is insensitive to early-universe physics. This allows us to link the absolute sizes of the two horizons and treat them as free parameters. Jointly, the CMB peak angular size, Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO), and Type Ia supernovae can be used as "early-universe-physics insensitive and uncalibrated cosmic standards", which measure the cosmic history from recombination to today. They can set strong and robust constraints on the post-recombination cosmic background, especially the matter density parameter with $\Omega_{\rm{m}}=0.302\pm0.008$ ($68\%$ C.L.) assuming a flat $\Lambda$CDM after recombination. When we combine these with other non-local observations, we obtain several constraints on $H_0$ with significantly reduced sensitivity to early-universe physics. These are all more consistent with the Planck 2018 result than the local measurement results such as those based on Cepheids. This suggests a tension between the post-recombination, but non-local, observations and the local measurements which cannot be resolved by modifying pre-recombination early universe physics.

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Forward citations

Cited by 8 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. BAO miscalibration cannot rescue late-time solutions to the Hubble tension

    astro-ph.CO 2025-10 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

    Even after rescaling BAO data to prefer H0≈73 km/s/Mpc, none of six tested late-time dark-energy models can resolve the Hubble tension once unanchored SNeIa and CMB geometry are included.

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    An f(R,G,T) power-law gravity model is fitted to cosmological data and reported to be moderately favored over the standard Lambda CDM model, with a Bayes factor of about 3.6.

  3. Hubble tension: a short review of theoretical explanations

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 accept novelty 4.0 of 10

    A comprehensive review finds no theoretical Hubble-tension solution yet passes all consistency tests; new early-dark-energy chains reach high H0 only when the SH0ES calibration is added.

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    ΛCDM fits the joint DESI DR2 BAO + Pantheon+ + cosmic-chronometer data better than the coasting R_h=ct model, which yields an older universe and a lower fitted H0.

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    In generalized Rastall gravity, accretion of the CBDRM and CDMMA dark energy parameterizations increases the mass of a non-singular black hole over cosmic time, according to the authors' mass-redshift equations.

  7. The Hubble tension: A decade review

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  8. Measuring the expansion history of the Universe with cosmic chronometers

    astro-ph.CO 2024-12 unverdicted

    A review of the cosmic chronometer method: differential ages of massive passive galaxies yield cosmology-independent H(z) measurements, now at about 5% accuracy at z~0.5 and potentially percent-level H0 with future surveys.

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