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Quantum gravity observables: observation, algebras, and mathematical structure
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Quantum gravity observables: observation, algebras, and mathematical structure
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The questions of describing observables and observation in quantum gravity appear to be centrally important to its physics. A relational approach holds significant promise, and a classification of different types of relational observables (gravitationally dressed, field relational, and more general) is outlined. Plausibly gravitationally dressed observables are particularly closely tied to the fundamental structure of the theory. These may be constructed in the quantum theory to leading order in Newton's constant, and raise important questions about localization of information. Approximate localization is given by a "standard dressing" construction of a "gravitational splitting." It is also argued that such gravitational dressings give a generalization of the crossed product construction, reducing to this and yielding type II von Neumann algebras in special cases. Gravity therefore introduces a significantly more general alteration of the algebraic structure of local quantum field theory, also with apparent connections to holography, but whose implications have not been fully understood. In particular, properties of the algebra of gravitationally dressed observables suggest a possible role for other non-algebraic structure on the Hilbert space for quantum gravity.
Forward citations
Cited by 11 Pith papers
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Gravitational null rays: Covariant Quantization and the Dressing Time
Gravitational null rays are quantized in a diffeomorphism-covariant way using the gravitational dressing time as quantum reference frame, producing a Virasoro crossed-product algebra of gauge-invariant observables.
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Relational path integral, effective actions and quantum frame covariance in gravity
The gravitational path integral is reformulated with dynamical reference frames, producing gauge-invariant correlators, frame-dependent vacua, and effective actions, with sharpness of events becoming frame-relative.
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Quantum Reference Fields Transformations in Linearized Quantum Gravity
Extends quantum reference frames to quantum reference fields in linearized quantum gravity and derives unitary maps implementing relational gauge-invariant observables between quantum perspectives.
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Algebras for generalized entanglement wedges
Generalized (Bousso–Penington) entanglement wedges are conjectured to carry von Neumann algebras such that S_gen(W) = S(ω|A_W) − log Ind(E) + K_Ω (eq. 2.7), making BP's monotonicity and strong subadditivity consequenc...
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Massless Representations in Conformal Space and Their de Sitter Restrictions
Introduces a canonical Clifford-split-octonion framework to construct massless ladder representations of U(2,2) and restrict them to Sp(2,2) with explicit invariant forms and operators.
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Composite AdS geodesics for CFT correlators and timelike entanglement entropy
A bulk extremization prescription produces composite timelike-spacelike geodesics whose complex length exactly matches CFT two-point functions at timelike separation, including behind the BTZ horizon.
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Localization and anomalous reference frames in gravity
Constructs a phase space for gravitational degrees of freedom on null ray segments with commuting localized observables via edge modes and dressing time, then introduces an effective classical theory with Virasoro def...
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On Perturbatively Dressed Observables
Perturbative dressing of local operators in QED and GR induces kinematic singularities and is mathematically equivalent to dynamical temporal gauge fixing.
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Effective density matrix for vacua in asymptotically flat gravity
The vacuum of a large causal diamond in asymptotically flat gravity is claimed to be a Gaussian in the supertranslation Goldstone mode, giving modular Hamiltonian variance A/epsilon squared.
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Implication of dressed form of relational observable on von Neumann algebra
Dressed relational observables imply quasi-de Sitter space corresponds to Type II_∞ von Neumann algebra with diverging trace in the gravity decoupling limit, unlike the finite-trace Type II_1 algebra for de Sitter space.
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Preface to Fields, Gravity, Strings and Beyond: In Memory of Stanley Deser
An editorial preface, not a research paper: it tributes Stanley Deser and catalogues the special issue's contributed articles in four thematic areas.
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