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Tidal effects and disruption in superradiant clouds: a numerical investigation

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arxiv 2001.01729 v3 pith:JWWWZA7Q submitted 2020-01-06 gr-qc hep-th

Tidal effects and disruption in superradiant clouds: a numerical investigation

Vitor Cardoso , Francisco Duque , Taishi Ikeda This is my paper
classification gr-qc hep-th
keywords tidalblackfieldssuperradiantaroundcompanioncygnushole
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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The existence of light, fundamental bosonic fields is an attractive possibility that can be tested via black hole observations. We study the effect of a tidal field -- caused by a companion star or black hole -- on the evolution of superradiant scalar-field states around spinning black holes. For small tidal fields, the superradiant "cloud" puffs up by transitioning to excited states and acquires a new spatial distribution through transitions to higher multipoles, establishing new equilibrium configurations.For large tidal fields the scalar condensates are disrupted; we determine numerically the critical tidal moments for this to happen and find good agreement with Newtonian estimates. We show that the impact of tides can be relevant for known black-hole systems such as the one at the center of our galaxy or the Cygnus X-1 system. The companion of Cygnus X-1, for example, will disrupt possible scalar structures around the BH for gravitational couplings as large as $M\mu\sim 2\times 10^{-3}$.

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Cited by 3 Pith papers

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  1. Relativistic Tidal Transitions of Saturated Kerr Boson Clouds

    astro-ph.GA 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    Relativistic Kerr wavefunctions change tidal transition matrix elements of saturated boson clouds by up to 21.7% relative to the hydrogenic approximation, with the radial profile responsible for ~80% of the change.

  2. Gravitational Atoms from Topological Stars

    gr-qc 2025-11 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Bound states of a massive scalar field around topological stars form strictly normal modes, producing a hydrogen-like spectrum when the Compton wavelength exceeds the star size and localized states otherwise.

  3. Superradiance -- the 2020 Edition

    gr-qc 2015-01 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    Black-hole superradiance extracts energy via the ergoregion and can trigger instabilities with applications to dark matter, beyond-Standard-Model physics, and laboratory analogs.