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Heavy Holographic Exotics: Tetraquarks as Efimov States

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arxiv 1904.05189 v2 pith:KUNS6ZIY submitted 2019-04-10 hep-ph hep-lathep-thnucl-th

Yizhuang Liu , Maciej A. Nowak , Ismail Zahed This is my paper · ORCID
classification hep-phhep-lathep-thnucl-th
keywords exoticschern-simonsbindingcompactefimovheavyheavy-lightholographic
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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abstract

We provide a holographic description of non-strange multiquark exotics as compact topological molecules by binding heavy-light mesons to a tunneling configuration in D8-D$\bar 8$ that is homotopic to the vacuum state with fixed Chern-Simons number. In the tunneling process, the heavy-light mesons transmute to fermions. Their binding is generic and arises from a trade-off between the dipole attraction induced by the Chern-Simons term and the U(1) fermionic repulsion. In the heavy quark limit, the open-flavor tetraquark exotics $QQ\bar q\bar q$ and $\bar Q\bar Q qq$, emerge as bound Efimov states in a degenerate multiplet $IJ^\pi=(00^+ , 01^+)$ with opposite intrinsic Chern-Simons numbers $\pm \frac 12$. The hidden-flavor tetraquark exotics such as $Q\bar Q q\bar q$, $QQ\bar Q\bar q$ and $QQ\bar Q\bar Q$ as compact topological molecules are unbound. Other exotics are also discussed.

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Forward citations

Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. QCD Sum Rule Analysis of Triply Heavy $(Q\bar{Q})(Q\bar{q})$ Tetraquark States with $J^P=0^{\pm}$

    hep-ph 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    QCD sum rule analysis predicts four (c cbar)(c qbar) tetraquark candidates with J^P=0+/- (4.76, 5.00, 5.04 and 5.37 GeV) and (b bbar)(b qbar) states near 13.8 to 14.2 GeV, with some expected to be narrow.

  2. Holographic tetraquarks and the newly observed $T_{cc}^{+}$ at LHCb

    hep-ph 2019-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A holographic model predicts double-heavy tetraquarks as Efimov-like bound states of a heavy meson and a sphaleron in the Sakai-Sugimoto model.

  3. Investigating triply heavy tetraquark states through QCD sum rules

    hep-ph 2024-12 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    QCD sum rules with condensates up to dimension 9 predict triply heavy tetraquark masses of 5.4 to 6.2 GeV for charm systems and 14.9 to 15.7 GeV for bottom systems.

  4. Triply heavy tetraquarks $\bar{b}c\bar{q}c$ and $\bar{c}b\bar{q}b$ in a constituent quark model

    hep-ph 2025-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A constituent quark model predicts dozens of narrow tetraquark resonances in the mixed beauty-charm systems \bar{b}c\bar{q}c and \bar{c}b\bar{q}b.

  5. Scalar Triple-Heavy Tetraquark States With Quark Content $cc\bar{c}\bar{s}$

    hep-ph 2025-06 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    QCD sum rule analysis predicts scalar cc̄c̄s tetraquark states with masses near 4.94 to 5.08 GeV, including an ηc-Ds molecule and two diquark-antidiquark compact states.

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