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Hot New Early Dark Energy
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New early dark energy (NEDE) makes the cosmic microwave background consistent with a higher value of the Hubble constant inferred from supernovae observations. It is an improvement over the old early dark energy model (EDE) because it explains naturally the decay of the extra energy component in terms of a vacuum first-order phase transition that is triggered by a subdominant scalar field at zero temperature. With hot NEDE, we introduce a new mechanism to trigger the phase transition. It relies on thermal corrections that subside as a subdominant radiation fluid in a dark gauge sector cools. We explore the phenomenology of hot NEDE and identify the strong supercooled regime as the scenario favored by phenomenology. In a second step, we propose different microscopic embeddings of hot NEDE. This includes the (non-)Abelian dark matter model, which has the potential to also resolve the LSS tension through interactions with the dark radiation fluid. We also address the coincidence problem generically present in EDE models by relating NEDE to the mass generation of neutrinos via the inverse seesaw mechanism. We finally propose a more complete dark sector model, which embeds the NEDE field in a larger symmetry group and discuss the possibility that the hot NEDE field is central for spontaneously breaking lepton number symmetry.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Hubble tension: the shape wall
Late-time modifications to the expansion history can raise H0 by at most about 2% (conservative) to 3.7% (permissive) if the CMB acoustic scale is fixed.
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The $H_0$ world cup. II. A comprehensive competition between proposed Hubble tension solutions
Against a common 2025-26 dataset (Planck PR4, ACT DR6, SPT-3G, DESI DR2, Pantheon+), early dark energy and early modified gravity models win the H0 competition (~3σ residual tension), while radiation and late-time sol...
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The $H_0$ World Cup. I. Summary of the baseline group stage results
In a systematic head-to-head analysis, early dark energy and early modified gravity models reduce the Hubble tension to about 3σ and are favored over ΛCDM, while radiation and late-time alternatives are not.
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Hubble tension: a short review of theoretical explanations
A comprehensive review finds no theoretical Hubble-tension solution yet passes all consistency tests; new early-dark-energy chains reach high H0 only when the SH0ES calibration is added.
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Imprint of swampland-inspired coupled early dark energy
A swampland-inspired DM-EDE coupling is tested against DESI DR2 BAO data, showing the EDE potential construction affects late-time dark energy constraints.
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The Hubble tension: A decade review
Pure early or late fixes to the Hubble tension are tightly constrained; remaining options are combined early-late interacting dark energy or new physics at the local-to-homogeneous transition.
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