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Real-Time Scattering on Quantum Computers via Hamiltonian Truncation

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arxiv 2505.03878 v1 pith:MOHHV6VC submitted 2025-05-06 quant-ph hep-lathep-phhep-th

Real-Time Scattering on Quantum Computers via Hamiltonian Truncation

classification quant-ph hep-lathep-phhep-th
keywords quantumhamiltoniantheorytruncationfieldlatticereal-timescattering
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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abstract

We present a quantum computational framework using Hamiltonian Truncation (HT) for simulating real-time scattering processes in $(1+1)$-dimensional scalar $\phi^4$ theory. Unlike traditional lattice discretisation methods, HT approximates the quantum field theory Hilbert space by truncating the energy eigenbasis of a solvable reference Hamiltonian, significantly reducing the number of required qubits. Our approach involves preparing initial states as wavepackets through adiabatic evolution from the free-field theory to the interacting regime. We experimentally demonstrate this state preparation procedure on an IonQ trapped-ion quantum device and validate it through quantum simulations, capturing key phenomena such as wavepacket dynamics, interference effects, and particle production post-collision. Detailed resource comparisons highlight the advantages of HT over lattice approaches in terms of qubit efficiency, although we observe challenges associated with circuit depth scaling. Our findings suggest that Hamiltonian Truncation offers a promising strategy for quantum simulations of quantum field theories, particularly as quantum hardware and algorithms continue to improve.

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Cited by 10 Pith papers

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