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Phi-Ground Tech Report: Advancing Perception in GUI Grounding

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arxiv 2507.23779 v1 pith:NKTL3DF3 submitted 2025-07-31 cs.CV cs.AIcs.MM

Phi-Ground Tech Report: Advancing Perception in GUI Grounding

classification cs.CV cs.AIcs.MM
keywords groundingmodelsmodelphi-groundtextbftextitachievesactions
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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With the development of multimodal reasoning models, Computer Use Agents (CUAs), akin to Jarvis from \textit{"Iron Man"}, are becoming a reality. GUI grounding is a core component for CUAs to execute actual actions, similar to mechanical control in robotics, and it directly leads to the success or failure of the system. It determines actions such as clicking and typing, as well as related parameters like the coordinates for clicks. Current end-to-end grounding models still achieve less than 65\% accuracy on challenging benchmarks like ScreenSpot-pro and UI-Vision, indicating they are far from being ready for deployment. % , as a single misclick can result in unacceptable consequences. In this work, we conduct an empirical study on the training of grounding models, examining details from data collection to model training. Ultimately, we developed the \textbf{Phi-Ground} model family, which achieves state-of-the-art performance across all five grounding benchmarks for models under $10B$ parameters in agent settings. In the end-to-end model setting, our model still achieves SOTA results with scores of \textit{\textbf{43.2}} on ScreenSpot-pro and \textit{\textbf{27.2}} on UI-Vision. We believe that the various details discussed in this paper, along with our successes and failures, not only clarify the construction of grounding models but also benefit other perception tasks. Project homepage: \href{https://zhangmiaosen2000.github.io/Phi-Ground/}{https://zhangmiaosen2000.github.io/Phi-Ground/}

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Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. WinDeskGround: A Benchmark for Robust GUI Grounding in Complex Multi-Window Desktop Environments

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    WinDeskGround is a parametrically generated benchmark of 1,356 instruction-target pairs that reveals accuracy declines in state-of-the-art MLLMs under partial occlusion in multi-window GUI settings.

  2. Covering Human Action Space for Computer Use: Data Synthesis and Benchmark

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Presents CUActSpot benchmark and renderer-LLM data synthesis that lets a 4B model outperform larger open-source models on complex computer interactions.

  3. One Forward Beats Two: InnerZoom for Accurate and Efficient GUI Grounding

    cs.CV 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    InnerZoom bridges cross-layer evidence in one forward pass to achieve SOTA GUI grounding accuracy on six benchmarks while cutting latency up to 31.8% versus two-pass baselines.

  4. BAMI: Training-Free Bias Mitigation in GUI Grounding

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    BAMI mitigates precision and ambiguity biases in GUI grounding via coarse-to-fine focus and candidate selection, raising accuracy on ScreenSpot-Pro without training.

  5. Qwen-UI-Agent Technical Report: Toward Next-Generation Real-World Centric Foundation GUI Agents

    cs.AI 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.5

    A real-device-centric foundation GUI agent with hybrid GUI+CLI batched actions, AutoResearch data flywheel, online RL, and a proactive harness reaches SOTA mobile and competitive desktop/web scores.

  6. GUI Agents with Reinforcement Learning: Toward Digital Inhabitants

    cs.AI 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    The paper delivers the first comprehensive overview of RL for GUI agents, organizing methods into offline, online, and hybrid strategies while analyzing trends in rewards, efficiency, and deliberation to outline a fut...