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Quantum computation of dynamical quantum phase transitions and entanglement tomography in a lattice gauge theory
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Quantum computation of dynamical quantum phase transitions and entanglement tomography in a lattice gauge theory
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Strongly-coupled gauge theories far from equilibrium may exhibit unique features that could illuminate the physics of the early universe and of hadron and ion colliders. Studying real-time phenomena has proven challenging with classical-simulation methods, but is a natural application of quantum simulation. To demonstrate this prospect, we quantum compute non-equal time correlation functions and perform entanglement tomography of non-equilibrium states of a simple lattice gauge theory, the Schwinger model, using a trapped-ion quantum computer by IonQ Inc. As an ideal target for near-term devices, a recently-predicted [Zache et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 050403 (2019)] dynamical quantum phase transition in this model is studied by preparing, quenching, and tracking the subsequent non-equilibrium dynamics in three ways: i) overlap echos signaling dynamical transitions, ii) non-equal time correlation functions with an underlying topological nature, and iii) the entanglement structure of non-equilibrium states, including entanglement Hamiltonians. These results constitute the first observation of a dynamical quantum phase transition in a lattice gauge theory on a quantum computer, and are a first step toward investigating topological phenomena in nuclear and high-energy physics using quantum technologies.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Local Thermalization of SU(2) Lattice Gauge Fields on Quantum Computers
Quantum hardware simulation of SU(2) lattice gauge thermalization matches classical extrapolations up to 101 plaquettes after error mitigation, establishing feasibility for chaotic quantum field systems.
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Quantum Information Dynamics of QED$_2$ in Expanding de Sitter Universe
In de Sitter QED2, a moving narrow-gap region creates a pseudo-critical line that governs loss of adiabaticity, excitation growth, and a detectable irreversibility front in relative entropy.
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Local Thermalization of SU(2) Lattice Gauge Fields on Quantum Computers
Error-mitigated IBM quantum hardware reproduces extrapolated classical simulations of entanglement growth and local thermalization for a truncated SU(2) gauge theory on chains up to 101 plaquettes.
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A Framework for Quantum Simulations of Energy-Loss and Hadronization in Non-Abelian Gauge Theories: SU(2) Lattice Gauge Theory in 1+1D
A quantum simulation framework is developed and demonstrated for energy loss and hadronization of a heavy quark in 1+1D SU(2) lattice gauge theory on 18 qubits of IBM hardware, with results matching classical simulations.
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Quantum Information Dynamics of QED$_2$ in Expanding de Sitter Universe
In expanding de Sitter QED₂, a moving pseudo-critical line drives loss of adiabaticity, a late-time dip near τ_*≈3.1, and an LOCC-detectable irreversibility front in relative entropy.
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Observation of Robust and Coherent Non-Abelian Hadron Dynamics on Noisy Quantum Processors
A 60-site SU(2) lattice gauge theory was run on 120 qubits, but the implemented dynamics approximate to non-interacting fermion hopping, and the abstract's claimed breathing-mode frequency is not extracted anywhere.
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