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A New Probe of Gravitational Parity Violation Through (Non-)Observation of the Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background
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A New Probe of Gravitational Parity Violation Through (Non-)Observation of the Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background
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Parity violation in the gravitational sector is a prediction of many theories beyond general relativity. In the propagation of gravitational waves, parity violation manifests by inducing amplitude and/or velocity birefringence between right- and left-circularly polarized modes. We study how the stochastic gravitational wave background can be used to place constraints on these birefringent effects. We consider two model scenarios, one in which we allow birefringent corrections to become arbitrarily large, and a second in which we impose stringent theory priors. In the former, we place constraints on a generic birefringent gravitational-wave signal due to the current non-detection of a stochastic background from compact binary events. We find a joint constraint on birefringent parameters, $\kappa_D$ and $\kappa_z$, of $\mathcal{O}(10^{-1})$. In the latter scenario, we forecast constraints on parity violating theories resulting from observations of the future upgraded LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA network as well as proposed third-generation detectors. We find that third-generation detectors will be able to improve the constraints by at least two orders of magnitude, yielding new stringent bounds on parity violating theories. This work introduces a novel and powerful probe of gravitational parity violation with gravitational-wave data.
Forward citations
Cited by 7 Pith papers
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Polarized Anisotropic Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background Search with Ground-Based Detector Networks
Implements full-Stokes SGWB map-making for ground-based networks, applies to LVK O3 data, and constrains polarized angular spectra while showing intensity-only models can be biased.
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First astrometric constraints on parity-violation in the gravitational wave background
First astrometric constraints on parity-violating SGWB amplitude are reported as h70²ΩV = -0.020 ± 0.025 (Gaia) and -0.004 ± 0.010 (VLBA) at 2σ, consistent with zero, over 4.2e-18 Hz to 1.1e-8 Hz.
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No evidence for parity violation in BOSS
New statistics applied to BOSS data show the reported parity violation signal is consistent with zero after accounting for eight-point correlation function mismatch between data and mocks.
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Parity-violating spatially covariant gravity at total derivative order $d=5$
At total derivative order five, parity-violating spatially covariant gravity has exactly 59 independent monomials, and their tensor-perturbation response is controlled by four coefficient combinations producing helici...
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A thorough investigation of cross-correlation estimators for stochastic gravitational-wave background searches in ground-based detector data
Reformulation of frequency-domain narrowband cross-correlation estimators for SGWB searches provides new expressions for estimators and covariances, while showing that widely used prior expressions still yield correct...
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Gravitational Wave Birefringence from Fuzzy Dark Matter
Fuzzy dark matter induces frequency-dependent amplitude birefringence in gravitational waves with periodic time modulation set by the scalar mass, but no velocity birefringence.
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Constraining Lorentz and parity violations in gravity with multiband gravitational wave observations
Future multiband GW networks could tighten Lorentz- and parity-violation energy-scale bounds by up to several orders of magnitude, with massive binaries best for low-frequency and loud binaries for high-frequency effects.
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