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Primordial Black Hole Formation and Spin in Matter Domination Revisited

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arxiv 2508.10070 v1 pith:PEVB3LEK submitted 2025-08-13 gr-qc astro-ph.COhep-phhep-th

Primordial Black Hole Formation and Spin in Matter Domination Revisited

classification gr-qc astro-ph.COhep-phhep-th
keywords sigmaabundancemassbetablackdistributionfindformation
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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abstract

In this article, we calculate the mass distribution of primordial black holes (PBHs) formed in the matter-dominated (MD) era by the peak theory. We apply the Zel'dovich approximation to track the nonlinear evolution of overdensities and compute the PBH abundance and mass function by incorporating a PBH formation criterion based on the hoop conjecture. We find that the PBH abundance $\beta$ follows the scaling law $\beta \simeq A_\gamma \sigma_h^{*5}$ for $\sigma_h^*\ll 1$. Here, $\sigma_h^*$ is the quantity that characterizes the variance of the density fluctuation at the horizon entry. We also find that, in contrast to the previous estimates, the PBH spin is very small for $\sigma_h^*\ll 1$ but could be larger for larger $\sigma_h^*$ and broader power spectra. Finally, specializing to a monochromatic power spectrum, we prove analytically that the PBH mass distribution becomes effectively monochromatic and reveal that the resultant PBH abundance is approximately 19 times the previous prediction.

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Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Gravitational Waves from Black Hole Reheating: The Scalar-Induced Component

    hep-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Accounting for the minimal mass spread of primordial black holes from gravitational collapse suppresses the Poltergeist GW background to the level of generic scalar-induced signals and reopens ultra-light PBH parameter space.

  2. Reviving primordial black hole formation in slow first-order phase transitions

    hep-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Primordial black hole formation from slow first-order phase transitions remains viable if slow reheating after supercooling creates an early matter-dominated era allowing small overdensities to grow, producing black h...

  3. Gravitational wave emission from nonspherical collapse in an early matter-dominated era using N-body simulations

    astro-ph.CO 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Full numerical N-body treatment is required for reliable gravitational wave predictions from nonspherical collapse in early matter-dominated eras, with resulting spectra mappable to detector sensitivities via horizon ...

  4. Numerical simulations of primordial black hole formation via delayed first-order phase transitions

    gr-qc 2026-01 conditional novelty 6.0

    Spherically symmetric numerical relativity shows false-vacuum domains from delayed first-order phase transitions form type B (baby-universe) or type A (direct-collapse) primordial black holes, separated by a robust t_...

  5. Primordial Black Holes from Slow Phase Transitions with Delayed Reheating: A Peak-Theory Approach

    hep-ph 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    PBH production from slow phase transitions with delayed reheating is modeled via peak theory and Monte Carlo simulations, showing extreme sensitivity to reheating efficiency and potential to explain all dark matter.

  6. Reviving primordial black hole formation in slow first-order phase transitions

    hep-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Slow reheating after a supercooled first-order phase transition allows an early matter-dominated era in which small curvature perturbations grow sufficiently to form primordial black holes.