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CoD, Towards an Interpretable Medical Agent using Chain of Diagnosis

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arxiv 2407.13301 v2 pith:R3UOPHQT submitted 2024-07-18 cs.CL cs.AIcs.LG

classification cs.CLcs.AIcs.LG
keywords diagnosticinterpretabilitydiagnosisgptmedicalchaindiagnosisdiagnosticsllms
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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The field of medical diagnosis has undergone a significant transformation with the advent of large language models (LLMs), yet the challenges of interpretability within these models remain largely unaddressed. This study introduces Chain-of-Diagnosis (CoD) to enhance the interpretability of LLM-based medical diagnostics. CoD transforms the diagnostic process into a diagnostic chain that mirrors a physician's thought process, providing a transparent reasoning pathway. Additionally, CoD outputs the disease confidence distribution to ensure transparency in decision-making. This interpretability makes model diagnostics controllable and aids in identifying critical symptoms for inquiry through the entropy reduction of confidences. With CoD, we developed DiagnosisGPT, capable of diagnosing 9604 diseases. Experimental results demonstrate that DiagnosisGPT outperforms other LLMs on diagnostic benchmarks. Moreover, DiagnosisGPT provides interpretability while ensuring controllability in diagnostic rigor.

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Cited by 3 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. A Comprehensive Survey of Electronic Health Record Modeling: From Deep Learning Approaches to Large Language Models

    cs.LG 2025-07 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    A survey that taxonomizes EHR modeling research into data-centric, architectural, learning-focused, multimodal, and LLM-based categories, with datasets and metrics.

  2. Beyond Distillation: Pushing the Limits of Medical LLM Reasoning with Minimalist Rule-Based RL

    cs.CL 2025-05 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Medical QA accuracy improves substantially through reinforcement learning with a binary correct-answer reward alone, without supervised fine-tuning on distilled reasoning traces.

  3. Reasoning LLMs in the Medical Domain: A Literature Survey

    cs.AI 2025-08 reject

    A literature review of reasoning-LLM techniques for medicine, from CoT prompting to RL-trained medical models, with no new experiments and several placeholder citations.

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