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arxiv 2308.12998 v2 pith:RJZAKGRZ submitted 2023-08-24 astro-ph.HE astro-ph.COastro-ph.GAgr-qc

Black-hole mergers in disklike environments could explain the observed q-chi_eff correlation

classification astro-ph.HE astro-ph.COastro-ph.GAgr-qc
keywords correlationmergersblack-holeenvironmentsobservedastrophysicalbinariesbinary
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Current gravitational-wave data from stellar-mass black-hole binary mergers suggest a correlation between the binary mass ratio $q$ and the effective spin $\chi_\mathrm{eff}$: more unequal-mass binaries consistently show larger and positive values of the effective spin. Multiple generations of black-hole mergers in dense astrophysical environments may provide a way to form unequal-mass systems, but they cannot explain the observed correlation on their own. We show that the symmetry of the astrophysical environment is a crucial feature to shed light on this otherwise puzzling piece of observational evidence. We present a toy model that reproduces, at least qualitatively, the observed correlation. The model relies on axisymmetric, disk-like environments where binaries participating in hierarchical mergers share a preferential direction. Migration traps in AGN disks are a prime candidate for this setup, hinting at the exciting possibility of constraining their occurrence with gravitational-wave data.

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Cited by 3 Pith papers

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  1. Dynamics of Relativistic Binaries in Structured and Stochastic Environments: A Lagrange-Fourier-Hansen Framework

    gr-qc 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    A new framework projects perturbations onto resonant frequencies via Hansen coefficients to produce efficient coupled ODEs for orbital elements in GW-driven relativistic binaries, demonstrated on tidal fields and accr...

  2. AGN-driven BBH mergers: Black hole populations and hierarchical growth across the AGN parameter space

    astro-ph.GA 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Semi-analytical models show AGN disks produce repeated BBH mergers with a high-mass tail beyond the pair-instability gap, more efficiently at low viscosity, with spin and mass-ratio signatures that can match events li...

  3. McFACTS II: Mass Ratio--Effective Spin Relationship of Black Hole Mergers in the AGN Channel

    astro-ph.HE 2024-11 conditional novelty 5.0

    Monte Carlo simulations of AGN-disk black hole mergers identify dense, moderately short-lived disks, a steep initial mass function, and mostly prograde orbits as the parameter combination that reproduces the observed ...