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Exclusive $J/\psi$, $\psi(2s)$, and $e^{+}e^{-}$ pair production in Au$+$Au ultra-peripheral collisions at RHIC
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abstract
Measurements of exclusive $J/\psi$, $\psi(2s)$, and electron-positron ($e^{+}e^{-}$) pair photoproduction in Au$+$Au ultra-peripheral collisions are reported by the STAR experiment at $\sqrt{s_{_\mathrm{NN}}}=200~\rm{GeV}$. We report several first measurements at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider, which are i) $J/\psi$ photoproduction with large momentum transfer up to $2.2~\rm{(GeV/c)^{2}}$, ii) coherent $J/\psi$ photoproduction associated with neutron emissions from nuclear breakup, iii) the rapidity dependence of incoherent $J/\psi$ photoproduction, iv) the $\psi(2s)$ photoproduction cross section at mid-rapidity, and v) $e^{+}e^{-}$ pair photoproduction up to high invariant mass of 6 $\rm{GeV/c^2}$. For measurement ii), the coherent $J/\psi$ total cross section of $\gamma^{\ast} + \rm{Au} \rightarrow J/\psi + \rm{Au}$ as a function of the center-of-mass energy $W_{\rm{\gamma* N}}$ has been obtained without photon energy ambiguities. The data are quantitatively compared with the Monte Carlo models STARlight, Sartre, BeAGLE, and theoretical calculations of gluon saturation with color glass condensate, nuclear shadowing with leading twist approximation, Quantum Electrodynamics, and the Next-to-Leading Order perturbative QCD. At the photon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 25.0 GeV, the coherent and incoherent $J/\psi$ cross sections of Au nuclei are found to be $71\pm10\%$ and $36\pm7\%$, respectively, of that of free protons. These data provide an important experimental constraint for nuclear parton distribution functions and a unique opportunity to advance the understanding of the nuclear modification effect at the top RHIC energy.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Femtoscopy-driven searches for saturated gluonic matter in inclusive photonuclear processes
Femtoscopy is presented as a method to isolate gluon saturation and nuclear shadowing effects via space-time structure in photonuclear collisions.
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ATLAS reports differential cross sections for coherent exclusive J/ψ → μ⁺μ⁻ in Pb+Pb ultraperipheral collisions at √s_NN=5.36 TeV, agreeing with models but in tension with prior Run 2 data at central rapidity.
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Autoencoders trained on simulated known UPC processes flag injected J/psi to 4 pi and pentaquark events with high reported purity in toy ALICE-like data.
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Nuclear Cold QCD: Review and Future Strategy
Review summarizing observed cold nuclear matter modifications in hadron-nucleus collision data and proposing experimental strategies for the EIC to clarify underlying QCD mechanisms.
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Ultra-peripheral Collisions
Ultra-peripheral collisions of heavy ions are reviewed as the energy frontier for photon physics; the paper consolidates a decade of LHC/RHIC results and proposes no new measurement.
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