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Thermalization of Gauge Theories from their Entanglement Spectrum

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arxiv 2107.11416 v2 pith:XF5IWRFO submitted 2021-07-23 quant-ph hep-lathep-ph

Thermalization of Gauge Theories from their Entanglement Spectrum

classification quant-ph hep-lathep-ph
keywords entanglementgaugemathbftheoriestheorythermalizationtimesalong
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Using dual theories embedded into a larger unphysical Hilbert space along entanglement cuts, we study the Entanglement Structure of $\mathbf{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory in $(2+1)$ spacetime dimensions. We demonstrate Li and Haldane's conjecture, and show consistency of the Entanglement Hamiltonian with the Bisognano-Wichmann theorem. Studying non-equilibrium dynamics after a quench, we provide an extensive description of thermalization in $\mathbf{Z}_2$ gauge theory which proceeds in a characteristic sequence: Maximization of the Schmidt rank and spreading of level repulsion at early times, self-similar evolution with scaling coefficients $\alpha = 0.8 \pm 0.2$ and $ \beta = 0.0 \pm 0.1$ at intermediate times, and finally thermal saturation of the von Neumann entropy.

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Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

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    hep-lat 2026-03 conditional novelty 6.0

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