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JetFormer: An Autoregressive Generative Model of Raw Images and Text

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arxiv 2411.19722 v2 pith:XOXV7X4L submitted 2024-11-29 cs.LG cs.AIcs.CV

JetFormer: An Autoregressive Generative Model of Raw Images and Text

classification cs.LG cs.AIcs.CV
keywords imagejetformerimagesmodeltrainedautoregressivetextbaselines
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Removing modeling constraints and unifying architectures across domains has been a key driver of the recent progress in training large multimodal models. However, most of these models still rely on many separately trained components such as modality-specific encoders and decoders. In this work, we further streamline joint generative modeling of images and text. We propose an autoregressive decoder-only transformer - JetFormer - which is trained to directly maximize the likelihood of raw data, without relying on any separately pretrained components, and can understand and generate both text and images. Specifically, we leverage a normalizing flow model to obtain a soft-token image representation that is jointly trained with an autoregressive multimodal transformer. The normalizing flow model serves as both an image encoder for perception tasks and an image decoder for image generation tasks during inference. JetFormer achieves text-to-image generation quality competitive with recent VQ-VAE- and VAE-based baselines. These baselines rely on pretrained image autoencoders, which are trained with a complex mixture of losses, including perceptual ones. At the same time, JetFormer demonstrates robust image understanding capabilities. To the best of our knowledge, JetFormer is the first model that is capable of generating high-fidelity images and producing strong log-likelihood bounds.

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Forward citations

Cited by 15 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

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    PRA approximates sequential rollout training in parallel for pixel-space AR models via intermediate states and a pixel decoder, achieving FID 2.58 (135M params) and 1.94 (511M params) on ImageNet-1K 256x256, new SOTA ...

  2. PixelU: A U-Shaped Transformer for Efficient End-to-End Pixel Diffusion

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    PixelU is a minimalist U-shaped Diffusion Transformer for pixel-space diffusion that decouples frequencies with zero-cost skip connections and constant-channel downsampling, outperforming baselines like JiT-G at 1/3 t...

  3. MIMFlow: Integrating Masked Image Modeling with Normalizing Flows for End-to-End Image Generation

    cs.CV 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    MIMFlow is an end-to-end model that routes semantic latents through a normalizing flow while a decoder handles high-frequency pixels, reporting FID 2.50 and 71.3% linear probing accuracy on ImageNet 256x256 with 128 tokens.

  4. MIMFlow: Integrating Masked Image Modeling with Normalizing Flows for End-to-End Image Generation

    cs.CV 2026-06 accept novelty 6.0

    End-to-end masked-image VAE plus normalizing flow yields FID 2.50 on ImageNet 256 with 128 tokens and higher linear-probe accuracy than unmasked counterparts.

  5. MIMFlow: Integrating Masked Image Modeling with Normalizing Flows for End-to-End Image Generation

    cs.CV 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    MIMFlow uses a VAE on masked images to feed semantic latents to a normalizing flow while a decoder handles high-frequency details, reporting FID 2.50 and 71.3% linear probing on ImageNet 256x256 with 128 tokens.

  6. SRC-Flow: Compact Semantic Representations Enable Normalizing Flows for Image Generation

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    SRC-Flow compresses RAE features into a low-dimensional semantic space with a Semantic Representation Compressor, enabling normalizing flows to achieve SOTA gFID scores of 1.65 and 2.07 on ImageNet 256x256 and 512x512...

  7. SRC-Flow: Compact Semantic Representations Enable Normalizing Flows for Image Generation

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    SRC-Flow compresses RAE features via a Semantic Representation Compressor into a low-dimensional space, enabling normalizing flows to reach gFID 1.65 on ImageNet 256x256 and 2.07 on 512x512 while retaining exact likelihoods.

  8. SRC-Flow: Compact Semantic Representations Enable Normalizing Flows for Image Generation

    cs.CV 2026-05 conditional novelty 6.0

    A learned 32-channel semantic compression lets a normalizing flow reach gFID 1.65 on ImageNet 256×256, the best FID reported for flow-based image generation.

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    HyperDiT achieves FID 1.56 on ImageNet 256x256 in pixel space via hyper-connected cross-scale interactions, cross-attention, SA-RoPE, and VFM registers.

  10. Normalizing Flows with Iterative Denoising

    cs.CV 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    iTARFlow augments normalizing flows with diffusion-style iterative denoising during sampling while preserving end-to-end likelihood training, reaching competitive results on ImageNet 64/128/256.

  11. From Broad Exploration to Stable Synthesis: Entropy-Guided Optimization for Autoregressive Image Generation

    cs.LG 2026-03 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    EG-GRPO improves autoregressive text-to-image models by reallocating RL updates according to token entropy, excluding low-entropy tokens from reward signals while adding entropy bonuses to high-entropy ones, yielding ...

  12. DeCo: Frequency-Decoupled Pixel Diffusion for End-to-End Image Generation

    cs.CV 2025-11 conditional novelty 6.0

    DeCo decouples high- and low-frequency generation in pixel diffusion via a DiT plus lightweight decoder and a frequency-aware flow-matching loss, reaching FID 1.62 at 256x256 and 2.22 at 512x512 on ImageNet while clos...

  13. Imagine while Reasoning in Space: Multimodal Visualization-of-Thought

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  14. FrequencyBooster: Full-Frequency Modeling for High-Fidelity Pixel Diffusion

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    FrequencyBooster reports state-of-the-art FID scores of 1.60 at 256x256 and 1.69 at 512x512 for pixel diffusion by using a specialized decoder for full-frequency modeling.

  15. HyperDiT: Hyper-Connected Transformers for High-Fidelity Pixel-Space Diffusion

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    HyperDiT reports FID 1.56 on ImageNet 256x256 using hyper-connected cross-scale attention, SA-RoPE, and VFM registers in pixel space.