LRD host galaxies show average metallicity 0.08 Z_sun with narrow stable range, challenging pristine-gas formation models while ruling out typical local AGN.
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17 Pith papers cite this work, alongside 101 external citations. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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Defines a sample of ~1300 SDSS quasars as Local Red Dots matching LRD photometric colors at z~0.4-0.8, with a V-shaped subset showing Balmer absorption and [NeV] emission, and SEDs modeled as reddened AGN plus host galaxy that match LRD stacks.
The survey identifies 27 low-redshift LRDs with compact morphology, V-shaped continua, broad Balmer lines with extreme decrements, and ubiquitous outflows, matching high-z counterparts and yielding a number density lower limit of 7.5e-10 cMpc^-3.
Spectroscopic study of 11 LRDs at z~4 finds AGN origin for optical emission via broad Hα correlations and introduces a clumpy envelope model with growth timescales of 10^5-10^7 years.
Little Red Dots show soft ionizing spectra consistent with massive stars, based on high H-alpha EWs and low HeII/H-beta ratios that rule out hard AGN spectra via Cloudy modeling.
Supermassive dark stars powered by dark matter annihilation can collapse into quasi-stars whose envelopes expand and cool to match the observed properties of many JWST Little Red Dots while bypassing the restrictive conditions of nuclear-powered supermassive star formation.
X-ray non-detection of little red dots requires both Compton-thick gas columns (~1e25 cm^-2) and intrinsically weak X-ray emission with bolometric correction k_bol,X ≳ 30.
JWST observations of ERQs show stratified gas kinematics via deblended optical emission lines, with UV lines dominated by scattered light and optical lines mixing scattered and obscured emission.
UV-bright companions to Little Red Dots provide Lyman-Werner fluxes of J21 ~ 10^2.5-10^5 that can suppress H2 cooling and enable direct collapse to massive black holes.
FIRE-2 simulations with gravitational torque-driven and free-fall accretion models predict enough high-redshift AGN to explain little red dots, with a super-Eddington Eddington-limited scenario for M_BH >= 2e5 Msun in M_star >= 2e7 Msun galaxies reproducing key observations.
Narrow-line diagnostics on ~20 LRDs indicate that stellar photoionization alone cannot explain the observed ratios in many objects, implying anisotropic ionizing radiation from complex gas geometry.
JWST data on LRDs and LBDs show AGN-like excitation, strong Lyα with broad components, and X-ray weakness, implying clumpy or equatorial geometries around growing black holes rather than complete gas envelopes.
JWST IFU spectroscopy of six z~6 galaxies finds broad Balmer lines in two objects, a strong correlation of broad-line presence with Lyα luminosity yielding AGN fractions >77% above and <15% below 10^44 erg/s, plus extended star-forming gas in non-AGN hosts.
Super-Eddington accretion boosts predicted LISA detections of high-redshift black hole binaries to ~64 per year while dropping ET detections to ~4 per year, compared to ~32 and ~64 under Eddington-limited growth.
A bias-controlled quasar sample of ~2000 objects demonstrates that the X-ray-to-UV luminosity relation remains constant from redshift 0.7 to 5.
SKAO continuum surveys will detect radio emission from JWST AGN and LRDs and distinguish between Compton-thick absorption, intrinsically weak accretion, and dense gas cocoon scenarios.
citing papers explorer
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The metallicities of little red dot host galaxies: LRDs are metal poor, but not pristine
LRD host galaxies show average metallicity 0.08 Z_sun with narrow stable range, challenging pristine-gas formation models while ruling out typical local AGN.
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A Population of Little Red Dot-like Quasars in SDSS
Defines a sample of ~1300 SDSS quasars as Local Red Dots matching LRD photometric colors at z~0.4-0.8, with a V-shaped subset showing Balmer absorption and [NeV] emission, and SEDs modeled as reddened AGN plus host galaxy that match LRD stacks.
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(LRDs)$^2$: The Low-ReDshift Little Red Dots Survey. II. DESI DR1 Sample
The survey identifies 27 low-redshift LRDs with compact morphology, V-shaped continua, broad Balmer lines with extreme decrements, and ubiquitous outflows, matching high-z counterparts and yielding a number density lower limit of 7.5e-10 cMpc^-3.
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The Structure and Evolution of LRDs: Insights from JWST NIRSpec Medium and High Resolution Spectroscopy at $z\sim4$
Spectroscopic study of 11 LRDs at z~4 finds AGN origin for optical emission via broad Hα correlations and introduces a clumpy envelope model with growth timescales of 10^5-10^7 years.
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The Missing Hard Photons of Little Red Dots: Their Incident Ionizing Spectra Resemble Massive Stars
Little Red Dots show soft ionizing spectra consistent with massive stars, based on high H-alpha EWs and low HeII/H-beta ratios that rule out hard AGN spectra via Cloudy modeling.
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JWST's Little Red Dots as collapsed Supermassive Dark Stars
Supermassive dark stars powered by dark matter annihilation can collapse into quasi-stars whose envelopes expand and cool to match the observed properties of many JWST Little Red Dots while bypassing the restrictive conditions of nuclear-powered supermassive star formation.
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Quenching of X-ray emission in little red dots by both Compton-thick gas and high accretion rates
X-ray non-detection of little red dots requires both Compton-thick gas columns (~1e25 cm^-2) and intrinsically weak X-ray emission with bolometric correction k_bol,X ≳ 30.
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Kinematic Stratification in Extremely Red Quasars Revealed by JWST
JWST observations of ERQs show stratified gas kinematics via deblended optical emission lines, with UV lines dominated by scattered light and optical lines mixing scattered and obscured emission.
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Connecting the Dots: UV-Bright Companions of Little Red Dots as Lyman-Werner Sources Enabling Direct Collapse Black Hole Formation
UV-bright companions to Little Red Dots provide Lyman-Werner fluxes of J21 ~ 10^2.5-10^5 that can suppress H2 cooling and enable direct collapse to massive black holes.
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Little Red Dots on FIRE: The Ability of Bursty Galaxies to Host an Abundant Population of High-Redshift AGN
FIRE-2 simulations with gravitational torque-driven and free-fall accretion models predict enough high-redshift AGN to explain little red dots, with a super-Eddington Eddington-limited scenario for M_BH >= 2e5 Msun in M_star >= 2e7 Msun galaxies reproducing key observations.
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Constraints on the Gas Geometry Surrounding Little Red Dots through Narrow-Line Diagnostics
Narrow-line diagnostics on ~20 LRDs indicate that stellar photoionization alone cannot explain the observed ratios in many objects, implying anisotropic ionizing radiation from complex gas geometry.
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Little Red and Blue Dots: AGN-excited narrow lines, Lyman-$\alpha$ emission, and resemblance to standard quasars
JWST data on LRDs and LBDs show AGN-like excitation, strong Lyα with broad components, and X-ray weakness, implying clumpy or equatorial geometries around growing black holes rather than complete gas envelopes.
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Aether-SHELLQs: JWST integral-field spectroscopy of candidate obscured quasars at z ~ 6
JWST IFU spectroscopy of six z~6 galaxies finds broad Balmer lines in two objects, a strong correlation of broad-line presence with Lyα luminosity yielding AGN fractions >77% above and <15% below 10^44 erg/s, plus extended star-forming gas in non-AGN hosts.
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Gravitational Waves from the Cosmic Dawn: Tracing Cosmic Black Hole Binaries with ET, LGWA and LISA
Super-Eddington accretion boosts predicted LISA detections of high-redshift black hole binaries to ~64 per year while dropping ET detections to ~4 per year, compared to ~32 and ~64 under Eddington-limited growth.
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The X-ray-to-UV relation does not evolve in homogeneous quasar samples
A bias-controlled quasar sample of ~2000 objects demonstrates that the X-ray-to-UV luminosity relation remains constant from redshift 0.7 to 5.
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Unveil the nature of JWST-AGN and Little Red Dots with SKAO continuum surveys
SKAO continuum surveys will detect radio emission from JWST AGN and LRDs and distinguish between Compton-thick absorption, intrinsically weak accretion, and dense gas cocoon scenarios.
- Mass and Spin Growth of Very Massive Stars in Star Clusters Potentially Associated with Little Red Dots