First detection of an ultra-fast outflow (v≈0.07c) in a quiescent galaxy quenched ~9 Gyr ago, suggesting AGN winds can maintain quiescence independent of global star formation.
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Determining Central Black Hole Masses in Distant Active Galaxies and Quasars. II. Improved Optical and UV Scaling Relationships
26 Pith papers cite this work, alongside 1,165 external citations. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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Pith papers citing it
1,165
external citations · Pith
abstract
We present four improved empirical relationships useful for estimating the central black hole mass in nearby AGNs and distant luminous quasars alike using either optical or UV single-epoch spectroscopy. These mass-scaling relationships between line widths and luminosity are based on recently improved empirical relationships between the broad-line region size and luminosities in various energy bands and are calibrated to the improved mass measurements of nearby AGNs based on emission-line reverberation mapping. The mass-scaling relationship based on the Hbeta line luminosity allows mass estimates for low-redshift sources with strong contamination of the optical continuum luminosity by stellar or non-thermal emission, while that based on the C IV lambda 1549 line dispersion allows mass estimates in cases where only the line dispersion (as opposed to the FWHM) can be reliably determined. We estimate that the absolute uncertainties in masses given by these mass-scaling relationships are typically around a factor of 4. We include in an Appendix mass estimates for all the Bright Quasar Survey (PG) quasars for which direct reverberation-based mass measurements are not available.
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representative citing papers
A hierarchical Bayesian framework that uses the empirical anti-correlation between AGN variability amplitude and luminosity to infer cosmological parameters from moderate-baseline light curves via importance reweighting.
Confirmation of 77 new heavily reddened quasars at 1.5 < z < 3.9 with high luminosities and extinctions, showing they are deficient in hot and warm dust relative to blue quasars and supporting a blow-out feedback phase.
SDSSJ110546.07+145202.4 is the first known long-duration radio changing-look NLS1 galaxy whose outburst is explained by an accretion-rate change that triggered a powerful radio jet.
A changing-look AGN exhibits a rapid accretion-driven spectral transition with broad-line region temperatures of approximately 11,800 K measured via Boltzmann plots and stable black hole mass estimates of 5 times 10 to the 7 solar masses across epochs.
AGN radiation pressure, not black-hole mass, simultaneously boosts large-scale [O III] outflows and clears circumnuclear gas as Eddington ratio rises.
Six z~2-3 quasars with extreme LoBAL outflows and weak UV lines are interpreted as weak-emission-line quasars emerging from dust cocoons via disc winds that shatter grains and produce steeper extinction.
MHD-stratified IC/CMB modeling of ten z≥2.5 quasar jets favors electron density following gas pressure, yields systematically higher jet powers (~10^49 erg/s) and low magnetization than one-zone models, with no redshift trend.
The quasar J1512+4422 at z~6.2 lies on the local M_BH-σ_* relation and powers an outflow whose mass and energy loss rates exceed the host's star formation rate, indicating negative feedback.
Slim-disk self-shadowing plus accretion-rate-dependent BLR density enhancement explains the observed offsets of high-Eddington AGNs below the canonical R-L relation.
A source 660 million years after the Big Bang is interpreted as a black hole star with a dust-free dense gas atmosphere, implying Little Red Dots have black hole masses overestimated by orders of magnitude.
Low-luminosity AGN exhibit structure function slopes rising from 0.1 to 0.3 with black hole mass, no breaks on decadal scales, amplitude anticorrelated with luminosity and positively correlated with mass.
Machine learning on cosmological simulations achieves 91-94% accuracy classifying over-massive versus under-massive SMBH growth regimes from LSST photometry, with 83-89% cross-simulation transfer accuracy driven primarily by host galaxy colors.
JWST prism spectroscopy of 200 massive galaxies at z~3-15 shows normal star-forming galaxies dominate at z>6 while dusty systems and quiescent galaxies increase at lower redshift, with evidence for multiple quenching pathways.
Presents a public spectroscopic atlas of 887 Southern broad-line AGNs at low redshift, including continuum decompositions and emission-line fits.
JWST IFU spectroscopy of six z~6 galaxies finds broad Balmer lines in two objects, a strong correlation of broad-line presence with Lyα luminosity yielding AGN fractions >77% above and <15% below 10^44 erg/s, plus extended star-forming gas in non-AGN hosts.
A sample of 36 spectroscopically confirmed LRDs shows broad-line detections in >90%, spectral variety including Balmer breaks and blackbody fits, H-alpha to 5100A continuum correlation, no redshift evolution, declining space density toward z~2 opposite normal AGNs, and clustering in ~10^11 solar mas
HE 1237-2252 exhibits a changing-look event driven by intrinsic accretion-rate variations, revealing a two-component broad-line region consisting of virialized gas at ~27 light-days and disk emission at larger radii.
A statistically significant positive correlation (r ~ 0.12-0.13) exists between the absolute velocity offset of broad Hβ lines and dust reddening in quasars, consistent with a population of recoiling black holes.
Multi-epoch spectroscopy of UNAM-KIAS 613 shows transient double-peaked broad Hα emission interpreted as a one-time bipolar outflow in an isolated low-luminosity AGN with Eddington ratio ~0.03-0.04.
Five new HI 21-cm absorption detections in LERGs and HERGs at z<0.5 reveal disturbed gas kinematics with velocity offsets over 350 km/s and a 3% detection rate consistent with lower-redshift samples.
A decade of optical monitoring of blazar OJ 287 reveals persistent bluer-when-brighter behavior, co-spatial BVRI emission, and a central black hole mass of at least 3.89 billion suns.
LAMOST DR10-12 adds 11,346 quasars (5,386 new) with ZTF-recalibrated spectra and derived emission-line and black-hole mass properties to support variability and rare-object studies.
Reverberation lags in Mrk 817 range 3-8 days, exceed thin-disk models by factors of 3-6, follow a λ^{4/3} trend with the ICCF method, and vary by up to a factor of 2 between epochs.
citing papers explorer
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First detection of ultra-fast outflows in a quiescent galaxy
First detection of an ultra-fast outflow (v≈0.07c) in a quiescent galaxy quenched ~9 Gyr ago, suggesting AGN winds can maintain quiescence independent of global star formation.
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A hierarchical Bayesian framework for cosmology using Type 1 AGN variability
A hierarchical Bayesian framework that uses the empirical anti-correlation between AGN variability amplitude and luminosity to infer cosmological parameters from moderate-baseline light curves via importance reweighting.
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Hidden Monsters with SPHEREx I: A goldmine for heavily reddened quasars at cosmic noon
Confirmation of 77 new heavily reddened quasars at 1.5 < z < 3.9 with high luminosities and extinctions, showing they are deficient in hot and warm dust relative to blue quasars and supporting a blow-out feedback phase.
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SDSSJ110546.07+145202.4: The first long-duration radio changing-look NLS1 galaxy
SDSSJ110546.07+145202.4 is the first known long-duration radio changing-look NLS1 galaxy whose outburst is explained by an accretion-rate change that triggered a powerful radio jet.
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Tracing Active Galactic Nuclei Properties Through a Changing-look Event
A changing-look AGN exhibits a rapid accretion-driven spectral transition with broad-line region temperatures of approximately 11,800 K measured via Boltzmann plots and stable black hole mass estimates of 5 times 10 to the 7 solar masses across epochs.
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AGN radiative feedback as the main regulator of [O III] outflow activity and obscuration in X-ray AGN
AGN radiation pressure, not black-hole mass, simultaneously boosts large-scale [O III] outflows and clears circumnuclear gas as Eddington ratio rises.
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Extreme outflow velocities and weak UV emission lines indicate quasars shedding their dust cocoons
Six z~2-3 quasars with extreme LoBAL outflows and weak UV lines are interpreted as weak-emission-line quasars emerging from dust cocoons via disc winds that shatter grains and produce steeper extinction.
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Broad-band Spectral Modeling of Large-Scale X-ray Jets in High-Redshift Quasars: An MHD-Informed Approach
MHD-stratified IC/CMB modeling of ten z≥2.5 quasar jets favors electron density following gas pressure, yields systematically higher jet powers (~10^49 erg/s) and low magnetization than one-zone models, with no redshift trend.
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A $z \sim$ 6.2 Quasar on the Local M$_{\rm BH}$-$\sigma_{\rm \ast}$ Relation Quenching Its Host Galaxy from the Aether Survey
The quasar J1512+4422 at z~6.2 lies on the local M_BH-σ_* relation and powers an outflow whose mass and energy loss rates exceed the host's star formation rate, indicating negative feedback.
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Understanding the Broad-line Region of Active Galactic Nuclei with Photoionization. II. Slim disks, Self-shadowing, and BLR sizes
Slim-disk self-shadowing plus accretion-rate-dependent BLR density enhancement explains the observed offsets of high-Eddington AGNs below the canonical R-L relation.
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A "Black Hole Star" Reveals the Remarkable Gas-Enshrouded Hearts of the Little Red Dots
A source 660 million years after the Big Bang is interpreted as a black hole star with a dust-free dense gas atmosphere, implying Little Red Dots have black hole masses overestimated by orders of magnitude.
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Optical Variability Structure Function of Low-Luminosity AGN using ATLAS Lightcurves
Low-luminosity AGN exhibit structure function slopes rising from 0.1 to 0.3 with black hole mass, no breaks on decadal scales, amplitude anticorrelated with luminosity and positively correlated with mass.
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Classifying Supermassive Black Hole Growth Regimes to Observables Across Cosmological Simulations with Forecasts for LSST
Machine learning on cosmological simulations achieves 91-94% accuracy classifying over-massive versus under-massive SMBH growth regimes from LSST photometry, with 83-89% cross-simulation transfer accuracy driven primarily by host galaxy colors.
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A Census of the 200 Most Massive Galaxies Spectroscopically Observed with JWST at zspec $\sim$3-15
JWST prism spectroscopy of 200 massive galaxies at z~3-15 shows normal star-forming galaxies dominate at z>6 while dusty systems and quiescent galaxies increase at lower redshift, with evidence for multiple quenching pathways.
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OzSSy1: The Australian Southern Seyfert-1 Spectroscopic Atlas and Catalogue at z < 0.1
Presents a public spectroscopic atlas of 887 Southern broad-line AGNs at low redshift, including continuum decompositions and emission-line fits.
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Aether-SHELLQs: JWST integral-field spectroscopy of candidate obscured quasars at z ~ 6
JWST IFU spectroscopy of six z~6 galaxies finds broad Balmer lines in two objects, a strong correlation of broad-line presence with Lyα luminosity yielding AGN fractions >77% above and <15% below 10^44 erg/s, plus extended star-forming gas in non-AGN hosts.
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NEXUS: Abundance, Environments, and Spectral Diversity of Little Red Dots from the NIRSpec MSA Sample
A sample of 36 spectroscopically confirmed LRDs shows broad-line detections in >90%, spectral variety including Balmer breaks and blackbody fits, H-alpha to 5100A continuum correlation, no redshift evolution, declining space density toward z~2 opposite normal AGNs, and clustering in ~10^11 solar mas
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A Changing-Look Seyfert Discovered by eROSITA Reveals a Two-Component Broad-Line Region
HE 1237-2252 exhibits a changing-look event driven by intrinsic accretion-rate variations, revealing a two-component broad-line region consisting of virialized gas at ~27 light-days and disk emission at larger radii.
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Statistical evidence for massive black hole recoils in active galactic nuclei
A statistically significant positive correlation (r ~ 0.12-0.13) exists between the absolute velocity offset of broad Hβ lines and dust reddening in quasars, consistent with a population of recoiling black holes.
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Spectral Evolution and Transient Broad-Line Features in the Isolated AGN UNAM-KIAS 613
Multi-epoch spectroscopy of UNAM-KIAS 613 shows transient double-peaked broad Hα emission interpreted as a one-time bipolar outflow in an isolated low-luminosity AGN with Eddington ratio ~0.03-0.04.
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HI 21-cm absorption in low- and high-excitation radio-loud AGNs at $z<0.5$ from MALS
Five new HI 21-cm absorption detections in LERGs and HERGs at z<0.5 reveal disturbed gas kinematics with velocity offsets over 350 km/s and a 3% detection rate consistent with lower-redshift samples.
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Multi-band optical photometric variability of the blazar OJ 287 from 2015 to 2025
A decade of optical monitoring of blazar OJ 287 reveals persistent bluer-when-brighter behavior, co-spatial BVRI emission, and a central black hole mass of at least 3.89 billion suns.
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The Large Sky Area Multi-object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) Quasar Survey: Quasar Properties from Data Release 10 to 12
LAMOST DR10-12 adds 11,346 quasars (5,386 new) with ZTF-recalibrated spectra and derived emission-line and black-hole mass properties to support variability and rare-object studies.
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AGN STORM 2. XII. Ground-Based Optical Photometry and Lag Measurements of Mrk 817
Reverberation lags in Mrk 817 range 3-8 days, exceed thin-disk models by factors of 3-6, follow a λ^{4/3} trend with the ICCF method, and vary by up to a factor of 2 between epochs.
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Estimation of black hole spins in low-mass AGNs and comparison with other types of AGNs
Spins of low-mass AGN black holes decrease with mass, supporting mergers or chaotic accretion as growth mechanisms and suggesting an evolutionary sequence where spins first decrease then slowly increase.
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Unlocking the Full Potential of SKAO Extra-galactic Science with High-multiplex Optical Spectroscopy
Optical spectroscopy is required to unlock the full potential of SKAO extragalactic surveys through precise redshifts, activity diagnostics, HI stacking, and large-scale structure mapping.