In dRGT massive gravity, static spherically symmetric black holes exhibit zero, one, or two photon spheres whose topological charges and stability patterns differ from Einstein gravity and from horizonless compact objects.
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The geometry of photon surfaces
Mixed citation behavior. Most common role is background (67%).
10
Pith papers citing it
Background
67% of classified citations
abstract
The photon sphere concept in Schwarzschild space-time is generalized to a definition of a photon surface in an arbitrary space-time. A photon sphere is then defined as an SO(3)xR-invariant photon surface in a static spherically symmetric space-time. It is proved, subject to an energy condition, that a black hole in any such space-time must be surrounded by a photon sphere. Conversely, subject to an energy condition, any photon sphere must surround a black hole, a naked singularity or more than a certain amount of matter. A second order evolution equation is obtained for the area of an SO(3)-invariant photon surface in a general non-static spherically symmetric space-time. Many examples are provided.
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gr-qc 10representative citing papers
Analytic perturbative black hole solutions in dark photon models with minimal and higher-order magnetic dipole corrections to the Schwarzschild geometry.
An invariant function is derived whose zeros identify spherical photon orbits in Kerr spacetime, parameterized by an inclination angle, enabling invariant characterization of the photon region and constants of motion.
A reference-renormalized curvature-primitive Gauss-Bonnet formalism computes finite-distance weak deflection angles in static spherical spacetimes without invoking photon spheres.
Higher-curvature EFT terms modify the photon sphere radius, critical impact parameter, and strong deflection coefficients, providing sensitive probes for constraints on quantum gravity effects via lensing and QNM spectra.
In Kruglov nonlinear electrodynamics, small positive values of the parameter q produce stable photon orbits outside the event horizon and modify black hole shadows and relativistic images even when the spacetime metric stays close to Reissner-Nordström.
Derives the far-field light deflection angle for the Kerr-Sen black hole by constructing a refractive index that includes frame-dragging and compares the result to Kerr and Schwarzschild cases in general relativity.
Extends intrinsic curvature criteria for massive particle surfaces to stationary spacetimes and demonstrates application to black hole shadows in Kerr-family and Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton solutions.
A scalar-NED coupled black hole metric is reconstructed from an effective geometry, yielding EHT bounds on magnetic charge, Hawking-Page transition, and topological equivalence to the Reissner-Nordström solution.
citing papers explorer
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Topological charge and black hole photon spheres in massive gravity
In dRGT massive gravity, static spherically symmetric black holes exhibit zero, one, or two photon spheres whose topological charges and stability patterns differ from Einstein gravity and from horizonless compact objects.
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Black Hole Solutions in Dark Photon Models with Higher Order Corrections
Analytic perturbative black hole solutions in dark photon models with minimal and higher-order magnetic dipole corrections to the Schwarzschild geometry.
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A Complete Invariant Analysis of the Kerr Spacetime and its Photon Region
An invariant function is derived whose zeros identify spherical photon orbits in Kerr spacetime, parameterized by an inclination angle, enabling invariant characterization of the photon region and constants of motion.
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Reference-renormalized curvature-primitive Gauss-Bonnet formalism for finite-distance weak gravitational lensing in static spherical spacetimes
A reference-renormalized curvature-primitive Gauss-Bonnet formalism computes finite-distance weak deflection angles in static spherical spacetimes without invoking photon spheres.
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Photon Surfaces in Higher-Curvature Gravity: Implications for Quasinormal Modes and Gravitational Lensing
Higher-curvature EFT terms modify the photon sphere radius, critical impact parameter, and strong deflection coefficients, providing sensitive probes for constraints on quantum gravity effects via lensing and QNM spectra.
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Effective null geodesics and black hole images in Kruglov nonlinear electrodynamics
In Kruglov nonlinear electrodynamics, small positive values of the parameter q produce stable photon orbits outside the event horizon and modify black hole shadows and relativistic images even when the spacetime metric stays close to Reissner-Nordström.
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Deflection of Light due to Kerr Sen Black Hole in Heterotic String Theory using Material Medium Approach
Derives the far-field light deflection angle for the Kerr-Sen black hole by constructing a refractive index that includes frame-dragging and compares the result to Kerr and Schwarzschild cases in general relativity.
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Massive particle surfaces and black hole shadows from intrinsic curvature
Extends intrinsic curvature criteria for massive particle surfaces to stationary spacetimes and demonstrates application to black hole shadows in Kerr-family and Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton solutions.
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Scalar-Electromagnetic Couplings as Source of Deformed Black Hole: From Shadows to Thermodynamic Topology
A scalar-NED coupled black hole metric is reconstructed from an effective geometry, yielding EHT bounds on magnetic charge, Hawking-Page transition, and topological equivalence to the Reissner-Nordström solution.
- Photon Sphere and Shadow of a Perturbative Black Hole in $f(R,\mathcal{G})$ Gravity