The geometry of photon surfaces
read the original abstract
The photon sphere concept in Schwarzschild space-time is generalized to a definition of a photon surface in an arbitrary space-time. A photon sphere is then defined as an SO(3)xR-invariant photon surface in a static spherically symmetric space-time. It is proved, subject to an energy condition, that a black hole in any such space-time must be surrounded by a photon sphere. Conversely, subject to an energy condition, any photon sphere must surround a black hole, a naked singularity or more than a certain amount of matter. A second order evolution equation is obtained for the area of an SO(3)-invariant photon surface in a general non-static spherically symmetric space-time. Many examples are provided.
This paper has not been read by Pith yet.
Forward citations
Cited by 19 Pith papers
-
Topological charge and black hole photon spheres in massive gravity
In dRGT massive gravity, static spherically symmetric black holes exhibit zero, one, or two photon spheres whose topological charges and stability patterns differ from Einstein gravity and from horizonless compact objects.
-
Revisit Static Aether: Exact Vacuum Solution in Einstein-Aether Theory and Its Analytic Extension
Exact static vacuum solution in Einstein-Aether theory parameterized by c14, with analytic extension showing naked singularities or wormhole geometries rather than black holes when c14 is nonzero.
-
Photon surfaces extension in general spherical dust collapse
In general LTB dust collapse the photon surface is a null hypersurface generated by outgoing radial null geodesics that reaches the central singularity if and only if the singularity is naked.
-
A Complete Invariant Analysis of the Kerr Spacetime and its Photon Region
An invariant function is derived whose zeros identify spherical photon orbits in Kerr spacetime, parameterized by an inclination angle, enabling invariant characterization of the photon region and constants of motion.
-
Reference-renormalized curvature-primitive Gauss-Bonnet formalism for finite-distance weak gravitational lensing in static spherical spacetimes
A reference-renormalized curvature-primitive Gauss-Bonnet formalism computes finite-distance weak deflection angles in static spherical spacetimes without invoking photon spheres.
-
Black Hole Solutions in Dark Photon Models with Higher Order Corrections
Analytic perturbative black hole solutions in dark photon models with minimal and higher-order magnetic dipole corrections to the Schwarzschild geometry.
-
A perturbative geometric approach for photon spheres, massive particle surfaces and black hole shadows with mass variations
Presents a curvature-based perturbative method for photon spheres, massive particle surfaces, and black hole shadows that handles mass variations and claims new results for the time-like case.
-
Photon Surfaces in Higher-Curvature Gravity: Implications for Quasinormal Modes and Gravitational Lensing
Higher-curvature EFT terms modify the photon sphere radius, critical impact parameter, and strong deflection coefficients, providing sensitive probes for constraints on quantum gravity effects via lensing and QNM spectra.
-
Photon Propagation and Black Hole Imaging in Kruglov Nonlinear Electrodynamics
In Kruglov nonlinear electrodynamics, small positive values of the parameter q produce stable photon orbits outside the event horizon and modify black hole shadows and relativistic images even when the spacetime metri...
-
Photon Propagation and Black Hole Imaging in Kruglov Nonlinear Electrodynamics
In Kruglov's Born-Infeld-type nonlinear electrodynamics, the effective photon geometry around a charged black hole produces q-dependent shifts in light deflection, shadow radius, and accretion disk images, including s...
-
Polarization-Dependent Photon Propagation, Quasinormal Modes, and Gravitational Lensing in Higher-Curvature Effective Theories
Higher-curvature corrections induce polarization-dependent effective metrics for photons that shift photon spheres, alter eikonal quasinormal modes, and modify deflection angles in static spherically symmetric backgrounds.
-
Probing Effective Field Theory Corrections with Quasinormal Modes and Gravitational Lensing in Reissner-Nordstr\"om Black Holes
Derives EFT corrections to deflection angle, photon sphere radius, critical impact parameter, and strong lensing coefficients for Reissner-Nordström black holes in weak and strong deflection regimes.
-
Regular black hole solutions and the quark chemical potential at the QCD phase transition
Within two QCD-inspired equations of state coupled to Eddington-Finkelstein collapse, finite chemical potential reshapes thermodynamics but does not produce self-regularizing black hole cores.
-
Photon Sphere and Shadow of a Perturbative Black Hole in $f(R,\mathcal{G})$ Gravity
Perturbative f(R,G) corrections shift the photon-sphere radius and shadow size, with the Gauss-Bonnet term dominating over mixed curvature contributions.
-
Photon Sphere and Shadow of a Perturbative Black Hole in $f(R,\mathcal{G})$ Gravity
Perturbative f(R, G) corrections shift the photon-sphere radius and black-hole shadow size, with the Gauss-Bonnet sector contributing more than mixed terms.
-
Scalar-Electromagnetic Couplings as Source of Deformed Black Hole: From Shadows to Thermodynamic Topology
A scalar-NED coupled black hole metric is reconstructed from an effective geometry, yielding EHT bounds on magnetic charge, Hawking-Page transition, and topological equivalence to the Reissner-Nordström solution.
-
Deflection of Light due to Kerr Sen Black Hole in Heterotic String Theory using Material Medium Approach
Derives the far-field light deflection angle for the Kerr-Sen black hole by constructing a refractive index that includes frame-dragging and compares the result to Kerr and Schwarzschild cases in general relativity.
-
Massive particle surfaces and black hole shadows from intrinsic curvature
Extends intrinsic curvature criteria for massive particle surfaces to stationary spacetimes and demonstrates application to black hole shadows in Kerr-family and Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton solutions.
-
Photon Sphere and Shadow of a Perturbative Black Hole in $f(R,\mathcal{G})$ Gravity
Perturbative higher-curvature corrections in f(R,G) gravity shift the photon-sphere radius and black-hole shadow size away from Schwarzschild values, with the Gauss-Bonnet sector contributing more than mixed terms.
discussion (0)
Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.