Ocean salinity and planetary obliquity synergize via ice-albedo feedback to produce distinct climate states and enhanced habitability on cold exo-Earths in ROCKE-3D simulations.
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K., Ramirez, R., Kasting, J
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Splitting biosignature survey targets into two groups with different life prevalences but a shared global confounder rate allows modest-sized surveys to produce strong evidence for life under fully agnostic priors.
An agnostic model using genetic algorithm optimization predicts photosynthetic viability declines linearly with orbital distance, expanding the photosynthetic habitable zone for M, K, and G stars beyond Earth-centric estimates.
Different UV spectra for TRAPPIST-1 produce order-of-magnitude variations in CH4, CO, O2, and O3 abundances for Archean-analog TRAPPIST-1 e atmospheres, generating photochemical degeneracies and potential false-positive biosignatures.
Early Venus experienced large seasonal and latitudinal insolation redistribution but only modest orbit-averaged flux changes, making atmospheric opacity the dominant control on surface temperature rather than orbital forcing.
In 1D N2-CO2-H2O model atmospheres, increasing background N2 pressure warms the climate under low CO2 via H2O dilution and under high CO2 via H2O loading, while high N2 induces cooling via Rayleigh scattering that can be overwhelmed by enhanced H2O absorption.
A tiered observational strategy is outlined to identify planetary-scale broadband radio technosignatures (BRaTs) from advanced civilizations up to 100 pc away using multi-parameter diagnostics to separate them from natural signals.
Sustained mass transfer from a circumbinary disc enables giant planet formation in gamma-Cephei-like binaries by prolonging the lifetime of the circumprimary disc against truncation and photoevaporation.
New X-ray flare detections from M dwarfs combined with literature data yield flare frequency constraints and an upper limit of 0.5-30 Myr on atmospheric loss times for habitable planets orbiting them.
N-body simulations demonstrate long-term dynamical stability of the HD 20794 system across a range of inclinations, with planet d identified as the lowest-mass high-eccentricity HZ-crossing planet.
Joint radial-velocity analysis revises GJ 3378b's period to 21.45 days and minimum mass to 2.3 Earth masses, placing the habitable-zone planet near the cosmic shoreline.
Re-analysis of multi-year RV data and TESS photometry detects Gliese 48 b, a temperate super-Earth with P=39.63 days, M sin i=8.11 Earth masses, no transit, and incident flux 0.889 S_earth.
LIFE can constrain atmospheric H2O abundances from roughly 10^{-3} to 1 bar surface pressure on Earth-like exoplanets for certain vertical profiles, providing a potential proxy for surface oceans, but cannot detect water below 10^{-6} bar or precisely characterize the highest abundances.
Mars provides a real-world case study of processes like volatile loss, climate evolution, and magnetism that determine habitability on small rocky planets at the edge of habitable conditions.
The HAges catalog compiles published asteroseismic and gyrochronological ages for 659 HWO target stars, finding that only ~5% have asteroseismic ages and ~20% have gyrochronal ages.
citing papers explorer
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A Revised Mass and Period for the Habitable Zone super-Earth GJ 3378b: A Planet Straddling the Cosmic Shoreline
Joint radial-velocity analysis revises GJ 3378b's period to 21.45 days and minimum mass to 2.3 Earth masses, placing the habitable-zone planet near the cosmic shoreline.
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Detection and characterization of the temperate super-earth Gliese 48 b
Re-analysis of multi-year RV data and TESS photometry detects Gliese 48 b, a temperate super-Earth with P=39.63 days, M sin i=8.11 Earth masses, no transit, and incident flux 0.889 S_earth.