Four parameters suffice to describe dust attenuation curve diversity in TNG simulations, yielding a new symbolic-regression model that recovers curves and fluxes better than existing parameterizations while linking parameters to SFR surface density, metallicity, and geometry.
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Stacked JWST spectra show weak MZR slope evolution to z~5 with declining normalization, steeper MZR beyond z~5, and emerging shallow FMR anti-correlation by z~5.
Direct [OIII]4364-based metallicities show that galaxies with stellar masses 10^6.7-9 solar masses at z~6-8 are 0.3-0.5 dex more metal-poor than local galaxies of the same mass, with slope 0.25 and 0.2 dex scatter.
Lumen modeling of IllustrisTNG50 shows that high ionization parameters from massive star clusters plus enhanced nitrogen abundances are needed to reproduce the extreme [OIII]/Hβ, [OIII]/[OII], and [NII]/Hα ratios seen in z>3 galaxies.
Spectroscopic observations of six low-mass, metal-poor SLSN host galaxies reveal slow stellar-wind-driven outflows with velocities 37-104 km/s and mass-loading factors below 1 in the earliest phases of star formation.
New high-redshift empirical T_e-based metallicity calibrations for strong-line ratios derived from direct oxygen abundances in 46 galaxies spanning z=1.4-8.7.
New stack-based strong-line calibrations from ~1500 spectra yield mass-metallicity relations at z=1-10 with decreasing metallicity toward higher redshift and no slope change, plus 50 EMPG candidates at 1-4% solar metallicity showing large scatter and opposite sSFR trends.
Two z~6.6 galaxies host overmassive black holes and show remnant ionized bubbles from recent quasar episodes, with BH-to-stellar mass ratios 400-800 times above the local relation.
New empirical calibrations between 19 emission-line ratios and oxygen abundance are derived from direct electron-temperature measurements in 139 star-forming galaxies at z=1.4-10.6.
JWST spectra reveal that two z~7 galaxies already show near-solar iron-to-silicon ratios with no strong odd-even effect, favoring early Type Ia supernovae over pair-instability supernovae as the source of iron enrichment.
New JWST spectrum of a z=8.3 galaxy with prior ALMA dust detection shows AGN signatures, 0.15 Zsun metallicity, Mdust ~10^6 Msun, Tdust~91 K, and an [OIII] line ratio higher than nebular models allow.
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The AURORA Survey: High-Redshift Empirical Metallicity Calibrations from Electron Temperature Measurements at z=2-10
New empirical calibrations between 19 emission-line ratios and oxygen abundance are derived from direct electron-temperature measurements in 139 star-forming galaxies at z=1.4-10.6.