TOI-837 b has a true obliquity of 25.9+7.5-6.3 deg, the first planet younger than 100 Myr with accessible ψ incompatible with an aligned orbit, favoring primordial disc torque followed by disc-driven migration.
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abstract
I introduce batman, a Python package for modeling exoplanet transit light curves. The batman package supports calculation of light curves for any radially symmetric stellar limb darkening law, using a new integration algorithm for models that cannot be quickly calculated analytically. The code uses C extension modules to speed up model calculation and is parallelized with OpenMP. For a typical light curve with 100 data points in transit, batman can calculate one million quadratic limb-darkened models in 30 seconds with a single 1.7 GHz Intel Core i5 processor. The same calculation takes seven minutes using the four-parameter nonlinear limb darkening model (computed to 1 ppm accuracy). Maximum truncation error for integrated models is an input parameter that can be set as low as 0.001 ppm, ensuring that the community is prepared for the precise transit light curves we anticipate measuring with upcoming facilities. The batman package is open source and publicly available at https://github.com/lkreidberg/batman .
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2026 30representative citing papers
First statistically significant detection of dayside silicate clouds on a Neptunian-mass exoplanet, with CO and CO2 detections and C/O ratio of 0.984 from JWST spectra.
Transit spectrum of TOI-6894b indicates 3-10x solar metallicity with solar C/O, N/O, and S/O ratios, similar to Jupiter and Saturn.
First TESS TTV catalog from 175 multi-TOI systems detects significant variations in 20 systems (13 new), showing 2:1 resonance pile-up unlike Kepler's 3:2.
Introduces MGIC_rv, an information criterion that combines conditional RV likelihood with an effective parameter count for selecting multi-GP models focused on radial velocities.
JWST NIRISS/SOSS data yield a transmission spectrum of the 23 Myr V1298 Tau c showing H2O absorption and an atmospheric metallicity of 14.8^{+56}_{-12} times solar, lower than mature planets of similar mass.
JWST MIRI/LRS data combined with archival observations detect magnesium silicate clouds (likely Mg2SiO4) in HD 209458b at 1-10 mbar with ~0.1 micron particles using a new rule-based data reduction approach.
DELOS applies contrastive learning to phase-folded light curves to detect shallow intermediate-to-long period transits, reporting 15.5% and 11.25% gains in combined precision-recall over BLS and TLS in low-SNR tests plus 3-80x speedups.
JWST NIRSpec observations of LTT 1445 A b yield a featureless 3-5μm transmission spectrum, limiting atmospheric metallicity to ≳350× solar under grey-cloud models.
JWST data on NGTS-10A b shows nightside CH4 depletion caused by day-to-night horizontal transport rather than vertical mixing or non-solar abundances.
The atmosphere of TOI-1130b shows high metallicity, low C/O, and elevated mean molecular weight consistent with ex-situ formation beyond the water ice line.
Panchromatic JWST spectrum of WASP-121 b detects SiO and measures refractory-to-volatile ratios 3x stellar, consistent with mixed solid-gas accretion or migration with continued solid accretion.
Hot Jupiter occurrence in the Galactic halo is low at ~0.13% with no significant difference between in-situ and accreted populations, well below disk rates.
TRAPPIST-1 flares follow a single power law N(≥E_TESS) ∝ E_TESS^{-0.753} from 10^{29} to 10^{33} erg after sensitivity corrections and bandpass conversion.
Kepler image-subtracted photometry yields 81,498 light curves and a catalog of 87 periodic variable candidates in NGC 6819, including 26 newly discovered ones.
Validation of a 135 Myr, 3.6 R_E transiting planet with aligned obliquity and TTV evidence for a near-resonant companion.
TOI-201 has three planets whose co-transiting configuration will end in 200 years due to Kozai-Lidov oscillations driven by mutual inclinations.
TOI-1710 b has a true obliquity of 149 degrees indicating retrograde motion, favoring high-eccentricity migration via planet-planet scattering and Kozai-Lidov cycles for this tidally detached super-Neptune.
A transit search on TESS Cycle 1 full-frame images produced 10,091 new planet candidates down to T=16 mag, more than doubling the known TESS total, with one hot Jupiter confirmed by radial velocity.
The SPARC4 pipeline delivers 0.02% photometric and ~0.02% polarimetric precision on transiting exoplanet observations and refines planetary parameters through joint modeling with TESS or K2 data.
WASP-96b shows super-solar metallicity of 2-6x stellar, roughly stellar C/O, tentative SO2 consistent with photochemistry, and an optical slope from scattering aerosols, supporting core-accretion formation beyond the water snowline.
Complete four-observation JWST dataset for GJ 3929 b yields 118±22 ppm eclipse depth, consistent with bare rock while allowing thin atmospheres and ruling out only thick CO2 cases at >3σ.
AstroSkyFlow generates simulated time-series astronomical images with realistic noise and variability, outperforming SkyMaker in noise and PSF reproduction while recovering injected signals such as exoplanet transits and asteroid trails.
Resolves six speculative companions into one giant planet, one eccentric brown dwarf, two low-mass stars, and two stars with no detectable companions.
citing papers explorer
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The 35-Myr old infant planet TOI-837 b has a mildly misaligned orbit
TOI-837 b has a true obliquity of 25.9+7.5-6.3 deg, the first planet younger than 100 Myr with accessible ψ incompatible with an aligned orbit, favoring primordial disc torque followed by disc-driven migration.
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Glossy Silicate Clouds on the Scorched Dayside of LTT9779b
First statistically significant detection of dayside silicate clouds on a Neptunian-mass exoplanet, with CO and CO2 detections and C/O ratio of 0.984 from JWST spectra.
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C, N, O, S, and photochemistry in a temperate giant planet orbiting a late M dwarf
Transit spectrum of TOI-6894b indicates 3-10x solar metallicity with solar C/O, N/O, and S/O ratios, similar to Jupiter and Saturn.
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Transit Timing Variations in TESS: A Catalog from the First Five Years
First TESS TTV catalog from 175 multi-TOI systems detects significant variations in 20 systems (13 new), showing 2:1 resonance pile-up unlike Kepler's 3:2.
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A Model Selection Criterion for Multidimensional Gaussian Processes: Application to Radial Velocities
Introduces MGIC_rv, an information criterion that combines conditional RV likelihood with an effective parameter count for selecting multi-GP models focused on radial velocities.
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KRONOS I: The $1{-}2.8\mu$m JWST Transmission Spectrum of the 23 Myr V1298 Tau c
JWST NIRISS/SOSS data yield a transmission spectrum of the 23 Myr V1298 Tau c showing H2O absorption and an atmospheric metallicity of 14.8^{+56}_{-12} times solar, lower than mature planets of similar mass.
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Magnesium Silicate Clouds in the Atmosphere of HD 209458b from a Rule-Based Tree-Structured Data Reduction
JWST MIRI/LRS data combined with archival observations detect magnesium silicate clouds (likely Mg2SiO4) in HD 209458b at 1-10 mbar with ~0.1 micron particles using a new rule-based data reduction approach.
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DELOS: Detecting Shallow Transits in Kepler Photometry Using a Contrastive-Learning Framework
DELOS applies contrastive learning to phase-folded light curves to detect shallow intermediate-to-long period transits, reporting 15.5% and 11.25% gains in combined precision-recall over BLS and TLS in low-SNR tests plus 3-80x speedups.
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JWST COMPASS Program: The 3--5$\mu$m transmission spectrum of LTT 1445 A b
JWST NIRSpec observations of LTT 1445 A b yield a featureless 3-5μm transmission spectrum, limiting atmospheric metallicity to ≳350× solar under grey-cloud models.
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Horizontal transport as a source of disequilibrium chemistry on the nightside of a hot exoplanet
JWST data on NGTS-10A b shows nightside CH4 depletion caused by day-to-night horizontal transport rather than vertical mixing or non-solar abundances.
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JWST unveils a high mean molecular weight atmosphere for mini-Neptune TOI-1130b: Evidence for formation beyond the water ice line
The atmosphere of TOI-1130b shows high metallicity, low C/O, and elevated mean molecular weight consistent with ex-situ formation beyond the water ice line.
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The panchromatic JWST dayside spectrum of WASP-121 b reveals a refractory-rich formation
Panchromatic JWST spectrum of WASP-121 b detects SiO and measures refractory-to-volatile ratios 3x stellar, consistent with mixed solid-gas accretion or migration with continued solid accretion.
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Exoplanets in ancient stellar populations: occurrence constraints and hot-Jupiter candidates in the Galactic halo
Hot Jupiter occurrence in the Galactic halo is low at ~0.13% with no significant difference between in-situ and accreted populations, well below disk rates.
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A single power law for the TRAPPIST-1 flare distribution across four orders of magnitude in energy
TRAPPIST-1 flares follow a single power law N(≥E_TESS) ∝ E_TESS^{-0.753} from 10^{29} to 10^{33} erg after sensitivity corrections and bandpass conversion.
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Kepler Image-Subtracted Light Curves and Variable Star Catalog of NGC 6819
Kepler image-subtracted photometry yields 81,498 light curves and a catalog of 87 periodic variable candidates in NGC 6819, including 26 newly discovered ones.
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Stellar Obliquities of Young Systems, Atmospheres Undergoing Contraction and Escape (SOYSAUCE) II: a 135 Myr planet on an aligned orbit with transit timing variations
Validation of a 135 Myr, 3.6 R_E transiting planet with aligned obliquity and TTV evidence for a near-resonant companion.
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Uncovering the Rapidly Evolving Orbits of the Dynamic TOI-201 System
TOI-201 has three planets whose co-transiting configuration will end in 200 years due to Kozai-Lidov oscillations driven by mutual inclinations.
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A tidally detached super Neptune on a strongly misaligned retrograde orbit
TOI-1710 b has a true obliquity of 149 degrees indicating retrograde motion, favoring high-eccentricity migration via planet-planet scattering and Kozai-Lidov cycles for this tidally detached super-Neptune.
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The T16 Planet Hunt: 10,000 New Planet Candidates from TESS Cycle 1 and the Confirmation of a Hot Jupiter Around TIC 183374187
A transit search on TESS Cycle 1 full-frame images produced 10,091 new planet candidates down to T=16 mag, more than doubling the known TESS total, with one hot Jupiter confirmed by radial velocity.
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Scientific Validation of the SPARC4 Pipeline: Multi-band Imaging, Polarimetry, and Photometric Time Series for Improved Characterization of Transiting Exoplanets
The SPARC4 pipeline delivers 0.02% photometric and ~0.02% polarimetric precision on transiting exoplanet observations and refines planetary parameters through joint modeling with TESS or K2 data.
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Super-Solar Metallicity and Tentative Evidence for Photochemistry on WASP-96b from JWST and Ground-Based VLT Transmission Spectroscopy
WASP-96b shows super-solar metallicity of 2-6x stellar, roughly stellar C/O, tentative SO2 consistent with photochemistry, and an optical slope from scattering aerosols, supporting core-accretion formation beyond the water snowline.
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GJ 3929 b as the First Complete Rocky Worlds DDT Data Set
Complete four-observation JWST dataset for GJ 3929 b yields 118±22 ppm eclipse depth, consistent with bare rock while allowing thin atmospheres and ruling out only thick CO2 cases at >3σ.
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AstroSkyFlow: an astronomical sky image flow simulator for time domain survey validation and machine learning
AstroSkyFlow generates simulated time-series astronomical images with realistic noise and variability, outperforming SkyMaker in noise and PSF reproduction while recovering injected signals such as exoplanet transits and asteroid trails.
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The Pan-Pacific Planet Search -- IX. A menagerie of companions orbiting evolved stars
Resolves six speculative companions into one giant planet, one eccentric brown dwarf, two low-mass stars, and two stars with no detectable companions.
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The NUV transit of XO-3 b
NUV transit depth of XO-3b measured at 0.1371 with 22-minute late center; X-ray data yield mass-loss rate ~10^4 g/s; bow-shock model predicts early rather than late transit.
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POSEIDON I: The Dynamical Origins of Transiting Neptunes
New obliquity measurements for two Neptunes update the sample distribution to favor aligned systems plus a random component, resembling that of more massive planets and implying shared dynamical origins.
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A Revised Mass and Period for the Habitable Zone super-Earth GJ 3378b: A Planet Straddling the Cosmic Shoreline
Joint radial-velocity analysis revises GJ 3378b's period to 21.45 days and minimum mass to 2.3 Earth masses, placing the habitable-zone planet near the cosmic shoreline.
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TOI-159 b: an eccentric hot-Jupiter planet around a young, pulsating $\gamma$ Doradus star
TOI-159 b is confirmed as the hottest known eccentric hot Jupiter (e = 0.24) with a 13-sigma Keplerian detection around a young gamma Doradus star, including a preliminary low-resolution transmission spectrum.
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The Transit Timing and Transmission Spectrum of Hot Jupiter WASP-43 b from a decade of Multi-band Transit Follow-up Observations
New transit observations of WASP-43 b yield no evidence of orbital decay while revealing major challenges in combining multi-instrument data for atmospheric retrievals.
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Investigation of Transit Timing and an Optical Transmission Spectrum of the Hot Jupiter WASP-11 b
New transit data for WASP-11 b over 16 years shows no orbital decay or TTV signals from other planets, with a transmission spectrum exhibiting a strong Rayleigh scattering slope possibly from the atmosphere or contamination.