A quasar pair at z=5.7 is confirmed in a galaxy merger via ALMA, setting a lower limit of >1.2% on the pair fraction at 5.5<z<6 and linking it to the PTA gravitational wave background.
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Calypso is a parameter-conditioned stochastic surrogate model for circumbinary accretion flows using PCA and multivariate Gaussian modeling, released as open-source software with a closed-form likelihood for parameter inference from time series.
Massive black hole binary mergers produce orphaned low-frequency signals in PTA pulsar terms that can be stacked for archival multiband gravitational-wave detection.
Machine learning on simulated images identifies that flux eruption events cause more diffuse, polarized, lower-flux millimeter emission with decreased Q-U loop rotation rate, achieving ~80% accuracy with random forests on summary statistics.
A statistically significant positive correlation (r ~ 0.12-0.13) exists between the absolute velocity offset of broad Hβ lines and dust reddening in quasars, consistent with a population of recoiling black holes.
Customized chromatic noise models applied to NANOGrav 15 yr data raise the Bayes factor for Hellings-Downs GWB correlations by a factor of ~8, lower the amplitude to 2.1e-15, and increase the spectral index to 3.5.
Joint SKA PTA and astrometry analysis improves gravitational wave background detection sensitivity by 10-50%.
Bayesian fitting of an eccentric Keplerian orbit to the radio light curve of PKS 2131-021 gives e = 0.053 ± 0.015 without red noise but favors a circular orbit plus DRW noise with e < 0.15.
Simulations forecast 21-51% probability of resolving individual SMBH binaries with PTAs in 0-10 years, with localization areas containing ~190k early-type galaxies on average and a ranking method that excludes roughly half the candidates when galaxy properties are available.
Weak lensing surveys cannot detect nanohertz-microhertz gravitational waves from supermassive black hole binaries under realistic conditions; only unattainable idealized surveys could probe this band.
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Synergies Between Pulsar Timing Array and Astrometry
Joint SKA PTA and astrometry analysis improves gravitational wave background detection sensitivity by 10-50%.