Replica wormhole geometries justify the replica trick computation of the Page curve in holographic black hole models and support entanglement wedge reconstruction via the Petz map.
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Holographic Derivation of Entanglement Entropy from AdS/CFT
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abstract
A holographic derivation of the entanglement entropy in quantum (conformal) field theories is proposed from AdS/CFT correspondence. We argue that the entanglement entropy in d+1 dimensional conformal field theories can be obtained from the area of d dimensional minimal surfaces in AdS_{d+2}, analogous to the Bekenstein-Hawking formula for black hole entropy. We show that our proposal perfectly reproduces the correct entanglement entropy in 2D CFT when applied to AdS_3. We also compare the entropy computed in AdS_5 \times S^5 with that of the free N=4 super Yang-Mills.
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representative citing papers
Reinforcement learning finds explicit graph realizations for three of six previously unresolved extreme rays of the N=6 holographic entropy cone and supplies evidence that the other three lie outside it.
Replica wormholes in the gravitational path integral yield the island rule for the fine-grained entropy of Hawking radiation, ensuring it follows the unitary Page curve in two-dimensional dilaton gravity.
Hawking radiation entropy follows the Page curve when quantum extremal surfaces are identified with RT/HRT surfaces in a higher-dimensional holographic dual, making the black hole interior part of the radiation's entanglement wedge.
Twirled perfect tensor networks are introduced as a class satisfying computational covariance, bounding complexity by the Python's Lunch Conjecture exponent, and combining holographic features of perfect and random tensor networks including a lattice RT formula.
q-Askey deformations of double-scaled SYK yield transfer matrices for orthogonal polynomials whose semiclassical chord dynamics map to ER bridges and new geometric transitions in sine dilaton gravity.
Higher spin gravity path integral on S^4 glues to an Sp(N) or superconformal S^3 boundary theory, giving leading contribution 2^N with one-loop cancellations.
In the continuum limit the discrete Krylov chain becomes a Klein-Gordon field in AdS2, with Lanczos growth rate α identified as πT, recovering the maximal chaos bound and requiring the Breitenlohner-Freedman bound for consistency.
Generalized entanglement entropies are constructed via left-, right-, and bi-invariant unit-invariant singular value decompositions to ensure scale invariance for non-Hermitian and rectangular operators in quantum mechanics, random matrices, and Chern-Simons theory.
Bulk single-particle states of a massive Chern-Simons vector in AdS3 produce entanglement entropy corrections that match the CFT replica-trick result for the corresponding primary and descendants at leading and sub-leading orders, with vanishing edge-mode contribution.
An improved heat kernel framework with phase-factor reconstruction computes symmetry-resolved entanglement entropy for charged systems and derives a cMERA flow equation that agrees with CFT and holographic calculations.
Subregion duality fails in AdS/CFT at leading large N, leading to the proposal of subregion complementarity allowing different CFT operators to describe one bulk subregion.
In a 2d evaporating black hole model, large boosts create O(1/G_N) gradients in bulk entropy that move the quantum extremal surface, causing the generalized entropy to follow unitary expectations with information disappearing after a scrambling time and a phase transition at the Page time.
MERA tensor networks produce continuously varying effective scaling dimensions along the Z3 chiral clock critical line, starting from 3-state Potts values as the chiral parameter increases.
A single-band lattice model on the BTZ cylinder produces a curvature-dependent Harper equation whose spectra show sharpened butterfly fragmentation at weak curvature and suppressed magnetic response near larger horizons.
Multi-entropy exhibits a structural obstruction to replica symmetry breaking in random tensor networks due to incompatible boundary permutations in the replica hypercube, unlike entanglement negativity.
Functional renormalization group applied to the O(N) vector model generates an emergent regular AdS_{d+1} geometry whose near-horizon thermodynamics reproduces the first law and Bekenstein-Hawking area law with temperature matching the boundary field theory.
Exact pairing of CFT two-point functions with interior AdS geodesics on open solid torus via conformal kinematics, without semiclassical approximations.
The emergence of the cosmological arrow of time is identified with a confinement-deconfinement transition in a Z2 lattice gauge theory on LQG spin networks, with the deconfined phase corresponding to a CZX-type SPT phase.
Holographic RG flow induces gravity by evolving boundary conditions from rigid Dirichlet to mixed Dirichlet-Neumann, generating an Einstein-Hilbert term and evading the Weinberg-Witten theorem.
Deformations of the double-scaled SYK model via finite-cutoff holography produce Krylov complexity as wormhole length and realize Susskind's stretched horizon proposal through targeted T² deformations in the high-energy spectrum.
Holographic tensor networks constructed from PEE-thread tessellations of AdS geometry reproduce the exact Ryu-Takayanagi formula in factorized EPR, perfect-tensor, and random variants.
Modular Witten diagrams reproduce the O(λ² G_N) correction to holographic entanglement entropy, matching the canonical energy term in the quantum Ryu-Takayanagi formula with wedge shape deformation.
In top-down holographic models, monopole-induced diagonal symmetry causes dilaton fluctuations to mix SU(2) gauge and SO(3) isometry angular momenta, reproducing the Jackiw-Rebbi-Hasenfratz-'t Hooft spin-from-isospin mechanism.
citing papers explorer
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Replica wormholes and the black hole interior
Replica wormhole geometries justify the replica trick computation of the Page curve in holographic black hole models and support entanglement wedge reconstruction via the Petz map.
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Exploring the holographic entropy cone via reinforcement learning
Reinforcement learning finds explicit graph realizations for three of six previously unresolved extreme rays of the N=6 holographic entropy cone and supplies evidence that the other three lie outside it.
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Replica Wormholes and the Entropy of Hawking Radiation
Replica wormholes in the gravitational path integral yield the island rule for the fine-grained entropy of Hawking radiation, ensuring it follows the unitary Page curve in two-dimensional dilaton gravity.
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The Page curve of Hawking radiation from semiclassical geometry
Hawking radiation entropy follows the Page curve when quantum extremal surfaces are identified with RT/HRT surfaces in a higher-dimensional holographic dual, making the black hole interior part of the radiation's entanglement wedge.
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Twirled Perfect Tensor Networks: Computationally covariant holographic tensor networks
Twirled perfect tensor networks are introduced as a class satisfying computational covariance, bounding complexity by the Python's Lunch Conjecture exponent, and combining holographic features of perfect and random tensor networks including a lattice RT formula.
-
q-Askey Deformations of Double-Scaled SYK
q-Askey deformations of double-scaled SYK yield transfer matrices for orthogonal polynomials whose semiclassical chord dynamics map to ER bridges and new geometric transitions in sine dilaton gravity.
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dS$^4$ Metamorphosis
Higher spin gravity path integral on S^4 glues to an Sp(N) or superconformal S^3 boundary theory, giving leading contribution 2^N with one-loop cancellations.
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Krylov Subspace Dynamics as Near-Horizon AdS$_2$ Holography
In the continuum limit the discrete Krylov chain becomes a Klein-Gordon field in AdS2, with Lanczos growth rate α identified as πT, recovering the maximal chaos bound and requiring the Breitenlohner-Freedman bound for consistency.
-
Generalised Entanglement Entropies from Unit-Invariant Singular Value Decomposition
Generalized entanglement entropies are constructed via left-, right-, and bi-invariant unit-invariant singular value decompositions to ensure scale invariance for non-Hermitian and rectangular operators in quantum mechanics, random matrices, and Chern-Simons theory.
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Precision tests of bulk entanglement: $AdS_3$ vectors
Bulk single-particle states of a massive Chern-Simons vector in AdS3 produce entanglement entropy corrections that match the CFT replica-trick result for the corresponding primary and descendants at leading and sub-leading orders, with vanishing edge-mode contribution.
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Symmetry-Resolved Entanglement Entropy from Heat Kernels
An improved heat kernel framework with phase-factor reconstruction computes symmetry-resolved entanglement entropy for charged systems and derives a cMERA flow equation that agrees with CFT and holographic calculations.
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Subregion Complementarity in AdS/CFT
Subregion duality fails in AdS/CFT at leading large N, leading to the proposal of subregion complementarity allowing different CFT operators to describe one bulk subregion.
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The entropy of bulk quantum fields and the entanglement wedge of an evaporating black hole
In a 2d evaporating black hole model, large boosts create O(1/G_N) gradients in bulk entropy that move the quantum extremal surface, causing the generalized entropy to follow unitary expectations with information disappearing after a scrambling time and a phase transition at the Page time.
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Scaling at Chiral Clock Criticality via Entanglement Renormalization
MERA tensor networks produce continuously varying effective scaling dimensions along the Z3 chiral clock critical line, starting from 3-state Potts values as the chiral parameter increases.
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Hofstadter's Butterfly in AdS$_3$ Black Holes
A single-band lattice model on the BTZ cylinder produces a curvature-dependent Harper equation whose spectra show sharpened butterfly fragmentation at weak curvature and suppressed magnetic response near larger horizons.
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Structural Obstruction to Replica Symmetry Breaking for Multi-Entropy in Random Tensor Networks
Multi-entropy exhibits a structural obstruction to replica symmetry breaking in random tensor networks due to incompatible boundary permutations in the replica hypercube, unlike entanglement negativity.
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Emergent AdS Geometry and Black Hole Thermodynamics from Functional Renormalization Group
Functional renormalization group applied to the O(N) vector model generates an emergent regular AdS_{d+1} geometry whose near-horizon thermodynamics reproduces the first law and Bekenstein-Hawking area law with temperature matching the boundary field theory.
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Exact Bulk-Boundary Pairs in AdS/CFT
Exact pairing of CFT two-point functions with interior AdS geodesics on open solid torus via conformal kinematics, without semiclassical approximations.
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Gauging Time Reversal Symmetry in Quantum Gravity: Arrow of Time from a Confinement--Deconfinement Transition
The emergence of the cosmological arrow of time is identified with a confinement-deconfinement transition in a Z2 lattice gauge theory on LQG spin networks, with the deconfined phase corresponding to a CZX-type SPT phase.
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GR from RG: Gravity Is Induced From Renormalization Group Flow In The Infrared
Holographic RG flow induces gravity by evolving boundary conditions from rigid Dirichlet to mixed Dirichlet-Neumann, generating an Einstein-Hilbert term and evading the Weinberg-Witten theorem.
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Deforming the Double-Scaled SYK & Reaching the Stretched Horizon From Finite Cutoff Holography
Deformations of the double-scaled SYK model via finite-cutoff holography produce Krylov complexity as wormhole length and realize Susskind's stretched horizon proposal through targeted T² deformations in the high-energy spectrum.
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Holographic Tensor Networks as Tessellations of Geometry
Holographic tensor networks constructed from PEE-thread tessellations of AdS geometry reproduce the exact Ryu-Takayanagi formula in factorized EPR, perfect-tensor, and random variants.
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Modular Witten Diagrams and Quantum Extremality
Modular Witten diagrams reproduce the O(λ² G_N) correction to holographic entanglement entropy, matching the canonical energy term in the quantum Ryu-Takayanagi formula with wedge shape deformation.
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(Iso)spin from Isospin in Top-Down Holography
In top-down holographic models, monopole-induced diagonal symmetry causes dilaton fluctuations to mix SU(2) gauge and SO(3) isometry angular momenta, reproducing the Jackiw-Rebbi-Hasenfratz-'t Hooft spin-from-isospin mechanism.
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Cosmological Entanglement Entropy from the von Neumann Algebra of Double-Scaled SYK & Its Connection with Krylov Complexity
Algebraic entanglement entropy from type II1 algebras in double-scaled SYK is matched via triple-scaling limits to Ryu-Takayanagi areas in (A)dS2, reproducing Bekenstein-Hawking and Gibbons-Hawking formulas for specific regions while depending on Krylov complexity of the Hartle-Hawking state.
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Curious QNEIs from QNEC: New Bounds on Null Energy in Quantum Field Theory
Derives new state-independent lower bounds on semi-local integrals of null energy flux in QFTs of two and higher dimensions using QNEC, strong subadditivity, and modular Hamiltonians.
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Conformal Blocks in 2d Carrollian/Galilean CFTs and Excited State Entanglement Entropy
Derives heavy-light conformal blocks in 2d C/G CFTs and computes excited-state entanglement entropy via replica trick, finding thermal form that reproduces holographic EE and establishes dictionary between boundary weights and bulk mass/angular momentum.
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Quantum Bit Threads and the Entropohedron
Derives several new quantum bit thread prescriptions equivalent to quantum extremal surfaces for static holographic states and introduces entanglement distribution functions organized into the entropohedron convex polytope.
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Searching for emergent spacetime in spin glasses
Spectral functions of SYK, p-spin, and SU(M) Heisenberg models show exponential tails in spin-glass phases and quasiparticle families in spin-liquid phases, with a proof that exponential decay blocks detection of bulk causal structure.
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Entanglement spreading and emergent locality in Brownian SYK chains
In a Brownian SYK chain at strong coupling, information from an injected qudit spreads inside a sharp light-cone at the butterfly velocity because the governing dynamics reduce to FKPP domain walls.
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Minimal Factorization of Chern-Simons Theory -- Gravitational Anyonic Edge Modes
Minimal edge modes compatible with Chern-Simons topological invariance are proposed as quantum group particles, yielding a factorization of 3d gravity state space that matches proposals linking Bekenstein-Hawking entropy to topological entanglement entropy.
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Crosscap Quenches and Entanglement Evolution
Introduces crosscap quenches in CFTs and holographic models to derive universal entanglement entropy evolution, validated by numerics in spin systems.
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Entanglement Harvesting and Quantum Discord of Alpha Vacua in de Sitter Space
The reduced states of static UDW detectors coupled to a scalar field in alpha-vacua are derived analytically, revealing distinct behaviors of entanglement harvesting for time-like versus space-like separations and superhorizon suppression of quantum discord.
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Entropy Variations and Light Ray Operators from Replica Defects
Replica analysis shows QNEC saturation in interacting CFTs with twist gap because only the stress-tensor defect operator produces the contact term in the n to 1 limit.
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The nonlocal magic of a holographic Schwinger pair
Holographic Schwinger pair creation generates nonlocal magic for spacetime dimensions d>2, as shown by a non-flat entanglement spectrum that can be read from the probe brane free energy.
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Quantum scars from holographic boson stars
Asymptotically AdS mini-boson stars exhibit scar-like states with random-matrix chaos signatures, embedded integrable branches, low entanglement, and Krylov complexity revivals, unlike thermal black holes.
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Covariant Locally Localized Gravity and vDVZ Continuity
In the Karch-Randall braneworld the zero-graviton-mass limit of the one-loop partition function is a massless graviton plus a decoupled massive vector, not the pure Randall-Sundrum II model.
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Large-c BCFT Entanglement Entropy with Deformed Boundaries from Emergent JT Gravity
At large central charge, BCFT von Neumann entropy with deformed boundaries is reproduced by island entropy in an emergent JT gravity setup with transparent boundary conditions set by the deformation.
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Energy-momentum and dark energy in $\boldsymbol{SU(\infty)}$-QGR quantum gravity
SU(∞)-QGR yields an Einstein-like energy-momentum constraint that includes spin-1 gravitons and treats inflation and accelerating expansion as order parameters tracking the evolution of the universe's quantum states under Hilbert-space fragmentation.
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The yes boundaries wavefunctions of the universe
Using two timelike boundaries and a nearly maximally entangled thermofield double state from dressed de Sitter Hamiltonian theories, the authors construct wavefunctions for extended cosmological spacetimes that include the future wedge and resolve entanglement entropy issues via 3D constrained path
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Holographic entanglement entropy, Wilson loops, and neural networks
Neural networks reconstruct both spatial and timelike bulk metric components from strip entanglement entropy and Wilson loops with sub-0.2% accuracy in holographic models such as AdS-Schwarzschild and Gubser-Rocha.
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On bulk reconstruction in Lorentzian AdS and its flat space limit
Constructs bulk scalar field representations in Lorentzian AdS4 from boundary primaries via time-ordered propagators and derives their flat-space limits to plane-wave or Carrollian bases.
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Semiclassical algebraic reconstruction for type III algebras
Semiclassical crossed product constructions extend the algebraic reconstruction theorem to type III algebras and yield an algebraic Ryu-Takayanagi formula for holographic duality.
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Stringy Effects on Holographic Complexity: The Complete Volume in Dynamical Spacetimes
Gauss-Bonnet corrections to the complete volume proposal introduce a competition effect in static black holes while preserving momentum-governed growth rates and logarithmic scrambling times in dynamical Vaidya geometries.
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How to have your wormholes and factorize, too
A modified semiclassical holographic dictionary is used to construct an extended gravitational path integral that factorizes, reproduces the Page curve for entropy, and includes operators for baby universe states.
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Heavy holographic correlators in defect conformal field theories
Holographic probe-brane calculations produce defect one- and two-point functions of heavy scalars that match OPE and BOE limits.
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Testing ER = EPR with Hydrogen
Field leakage into ER=EPR wormholes modifies hydrogen hyperfine splitting and may induce net charge, yielding constraints from existing precision data.
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Toward a worldsheet theory of entanglement entropy
A new action for entanglement entropy in AdS3/CFT2 derives gravity equations, reduces to a string worldsheet, reproduces bit threads, and unifies several quantum gravity conjectures.
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Krylov Complexity for Open Quantum System: Dissipation and Decoherence
Krylov complexity saturates in the full high-temperature Caldeira-Leggett system, reproduces dissipative features when decoherence is suppressed, shows oscillations when dissipation is suppressed, and remains insensitive to decoherence onset because the Krylov basis differs from the conventional one
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Entanglement Entropy and Thermodynamics of Dynamical Black Holes
In f(R) theories, the replica-method gravitational entropy computed on the apparent horizon matches the Hollands-Wald-Zhang dynamical black hole entropy and satisfies the first law, while the event horizon does not; this lets the generalized second law be reinterpreted as matter entanglement across