Using LIGO O3 continuous-wave search data, the authors place the first constraints on ellipticities of self-interacting fermionic dark matter admixed neutron stars and exclude regions of the DM parameter space for masses in [0.1,10] GeV.
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Dark Matter Halos as Particle Colliders: A Unified Solution to Small-Scale Structure Puzzles from Dwarfs to Clusters
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abstract
Astrophysical observations spanning dwarf galaxies to galaxy clusters indicate that dark matter (DM) halos are less dense in their central regions compared to expectations from collisionless DM N-body simulations. Using detailed fits to DM halos of galaxies and clusters, we show that self-interacting DM (SIDM) may provide a consistent solution to the DM deficit problem across all scales, even though individual systems exhibit a wide diversity in halo properties. Since the characteristic velocity of DM particles varies across these systems, we are able to measure the self-interaction cross section as a function of kinetic energy and thereby deduce the SIDM particle physics model parameters. Our results prefer a mildly velocity-dependent cross section, from $\sigma/m \simeq 2\; {\rm cm^2/g}$ on galaxy scales to $\sigma/m \simeq 0.1\; {\rm cm^2/g}$ on cluster scales, consistent with the upper limits from merging clusters. Our results dramatically improve the constraints on SIDM models and may allow the masses of both DM and dark mediator particles to be measured even if the dark sector is completely hidden from the Standard Model, which we illustrate for the dark photon model.
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Strongly interacting dark matter described by a first-principles G2 gauge-theory equation of state can be mixed into neutron stars while remaining compatible with current observational constraints.
Self-interacting dark matter increases the Euler characteristic of the reionization ionization field by 60-70% for cross-sections above 2 cm2/g through changes in ionizing source populations.
Orbit-averaged elastic DM scattering in S4714 reaches stellar luminosity at σ_χp ∼ 10^{-36} cm² (MeV–GeV) and σ_χe ∼ 5×10^{-38} cm² (sub-MeV) for a spiked profile.
PRFM-vol is a new subgrid star formation model for cosmological simulations that computes SFR from ambient densities via PRFM theory and a modified effective EOS, producing taller stellar scale heights, slightly higher stellar mass, and morphology changes including Toomre-driven clumps compared to p
Empirical three-parameter fit to f_esc(M_h,z) yields steep redshift evolution with population-averaged escape fraction rising from ~2% at z=5 to ~9% at z=12.
Super-resonant dark matter at O(100) GeV masses amplifies self-scattering and annihilation cross sections via combined resonance and Sommerfeld effects, necessitating coupled Boltzmann equations to match observed relic density.
Two-component SIDM with velocity-dependent inter- and intra-species interactions produces mass segregation that forms dwarf cores and boosts small-scale strong lensing efficiency by a factor of a few.
21 cm reionization topology breaks the degeneracy between self-interacting dark matter and astrophysical parameters that limits UV luminosity function constraints, enabling robust SIDM limits of σ/m ≳ 1-2 cm²/g independent of star formation models.
Finite cores in low-mass dark matter halos produce distinct complex residuals in LISA-band wave-optics amplification that cannot be fully mimicked by lower-concentration NFW profiles and peak at rc/rs ≃ 0.25-0.3.
A gauged U(1)_{Lμ-Lτ} model generates nearly degenerate Majorana dark matter whose self-interactions via a light scalar mediator set the relic density, resolve core-cusp anomalies, and fit LZ direct detection plus muon g-2 bounds.
The thesis presents a new 3-to-2 freezeout mechanism, bound-state effects on searches, a new axion interferometric search, reionization assessments, 21-cm constraints, and the DarkHistory code for ionization and thermal histories.
Inelastic self-interacting dark matter with small mass splitting produces a cutoff in the matter power spectrum at k > 1 h Mpc^{-1} whose location depends on cross-section normalization, velocity dependence, dark matter mass and mass splitting, yielding non-monotonic exclusion regions from Lyman-α森林
1D hydrodynamic simulations find that SIDM heat transport competes with gravity to regulate black hole accretion, enabling rapid growth in SIS profiles up to 10,000 solar masses from a 100 solar mass seed in 2 Myr.
Presents the science case, reference design, and project plan for the CMB-S4 ground-based CMB experiment.
citing papers explorer
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First Constraints on the Ellipticities of Self-Interacting Fermionic Dark Matter Admixed Neutron Stars from Continuous Gravitational-Wave Searches
Using LIGO O3 continuous-wave search data, the authors place the first constraints on ellipticities of self-interacting fermionic dark matter admixed neutron stars and exclude regions of the DM parameter space for masses in [0.1,10] GeV.
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Strongly Interacting Dark Matter admixed Neutron Stars
Strongly interacting dark matter described by a first-principles G2 gauge-theory equation of state can be mixed into neutron stars while remaining compatible with current observational constraints.
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Reionization Topology as a Probe of Self-Interacting Dark Matter
Self-interacting dark matter increases the Euler characteristic of the reionization ionization field by 60-70% for cross-sections above 2 cm2/g through changes in ionizing source populations.
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Dark matter energy exchange in stars orbiting supermassive black holes
Orbit-averaged elastic DM scattering in S4714 reaches stellar luminosity at σ_χp ∼ 10^{-36} cm² (MeV–GeV) and σ_χe ∼ 5×10^{-38} cm² (sub-MeV) for a spiked profile.
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Learning the Universe with PRFM-vol: Introducing a new subgrid model for star formation in cosmological simulations
PRFM-vol is a new subgrid star formation model for cosmological simulations that computes SFR from ambient densities via PRFM theory and a modified effective EOS, producing taller stellar scale heights, slightly higher stellar mass, and morphology changes including Toomre-driven clumps compared to p
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Steep Redshift Evolution of the Ionizing Escape Fraction at $z = 5$--$12$: Empirical Constraints and Comparison with Simulations
Empirical three-parameter fit to f_esc(M_h,z) yields steep redshift evolution with population-averaged escape fraction rising from ~2% at z=5 to ~9% at z=12.
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Self-Interaction of Super-Resonant Dark Matter
Super-resonant dark matter at O(100) GeV masses amplifies self-scattering and annihilation cross sections via combined resonance and Sommerfeld effects, necessitating coupled Boltzmann equations to match observed relic density.
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Self-Interacting Dark Matter with Mass Segregation: A Unified Explanation of Dwarf Cores and Small-Scale Lenses
Two-component SIDM with velocity-dependent inter- and intra-species interactions produces mass segregation that forms dwarf cores and boosts small-scale strong lensing efficiency by a factor of a few.
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Breaking the UV Luminosity Function Degeneracy:Self-Interacting Dark Matter Constraints from Reionization Topology
21 cm reionization topology breaks the degeneracy between self-interacting dark matter and astrophysical parameters that limits UV luminosity function constraints, enabling robust SIDM limits of σ/m ≳ 1-2 cm²/g independent of star formation models.
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Finite-Core Signatures in LISA-Band Wave-Optics Lensing by Low-Mass Dark Matter Halos
Finite cores in low-mass dark matter halos produce distinct complex residuals in LISA-band wave-optics amplification that cannot be fully mimicked by lower-concentration NFW profiles and peak at rc/rs ≃ 0.25-0.3.
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Nearly Degenerate Majorana Dark Matter and Its Self-Interactions in a Gauged $U(1)_{L_\mu - L_\tau}$ Model
A gauged U(1)_{Lμ-Lτ} model generates nearly degenerate Majorana dark matter whose self-interactions via a light scalar mediator set the relic density, resolve core-cusp anomalies, and fit LZ direct detection plus muon g-2 bounds.
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Dark Matter Energy Deposition and Production from the Table-Top to the Cosmos
The thesis presents a new 3-to-2 freezeout mechanism, bound-state effects on searches, a new axion interferometric search, reionization assessments, 21-cm constraints, and the DarkHistory code for ionization and thermal histories.
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Cosmology of Inelastic Self-Interacting Dark Matter: Linear Evolution and Observational Constraints
Inelastic self-interacting dark matter with small mass splitting produces a cutoff in the matter power spectrum at k > 1 h Mpc^{-1} whose location depends on cross-section normalization, velocity dependence, dark matter mass and mass splitting, yielding non-monotonic exclusion regions from Lyman-α森林
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Spherically Symmetric Fluid Simulations of Black Hole Accretion in Self-Interacting Dark Matter Halos
1D hydrodynamic simulations find that SIDM heat transport competes with gravity to regulate black hole accretion, enabling rapid growth in SIS profiles up to 10,000 solar masses from a 100 solar mass seed in 2 Myr.
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CMB-S4 Science Case, Reference Design, and Project Plan
Presents the science case, reference design, and project plan for the CMB-S4 ground-based CMB experiment.
- Onset of spontaneous scalarization in dark matter stars