2D disc simulations with vertical volatile transport produce stable CO snow surface equilibria and eliminate limit-cycle behavior seen in 1D models.
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A new grid of disk models with grain-surface CO chemistry plus an ML inference tool produces gas mass estimates from ALMA observations that match independent dynamical and HD values without requiring extreme elemental depletion.
Semi-analytical model links observed scattering-surface height to small-dust mass, yielding global mass fractions of order 10^{-3} consistent with modest grain growth in ten protoplanetary disks.
A new implementation of radial rays and multigroup radiation transport in Athena++ for frequency-dependent stellar irradiation achieves 2-5% average temperature agreement with Monte Carlo benchmarks in hydrostatic disk models using 64 bands.
2D radiation-hydrodynamical simulations find accretion outbursts unstable to Rossby-wave instability, forming vortices that suppress planetesimal formation until post-burst quiescence.
Halos in Elias 2-24, IM Lup, and DM Tau hold 20-30% of total dust mass with cm-sized grains, helping resolve the disk mass-budget problem even though drift and growth timescales are shorter than disk ages.
A candidate 0.3-7.6 MJup companion is reported in the gap of the ~2.8 Myr pre-transitional disk around WRAY 15-1880, with an ALMA blob interpreted as a vortex at the m=1 Lindblad resonance.
Numerical experiments demonstrate that one migrating planet produces multiple long-lived dust rings and gaps in radiative discs through migration jumps, with cooling affecting jump count but not structure lifetime.
SKA will detect emission from heavy molecules and prebiotic species in obscured disk regions to constrain initial chemical conditions for planet formation.
ALMA observed 3933 independent coordinates in nearby star-forming regions for disks and planet formation, analyzed by sky location, frequency coverage, exposure time, spectral lines, and angular resolution.
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CO snow lines are stabilised by the vertical transport of volatiles
2D disc simulations with vertical volatile transport produce stable CO snow surface equilibria and eliminate limit-cycle behavior seen in 1D models.
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Dust characterization of halos: The extended emission in protoplanetary disks
Halos in Elias 2-24, IM Lup, and DM Tau hold 20-30% of total dust mass with cm-sized grains, helping resolve the disk mass-budget problem even though drift and growth timescales are shorter than disk ages.