SN 2023fyq is the first Type Ibn supernova with a directly detected hot luminous progenitor consistent with a low-mass helium star in a binary system, based on pre-explosion imaging, disappearance confirmation, and multi-wavelength environmental analysis.
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Four faint red point sources near critical curves in JWST images of Abell S1063 are interpreted as extremely magnified AGB stars and a yellow supergiant at cosmic noon.
Correcting NIRISS charge migration reveals KELT-7 b as a metal-enriched (~92x solar) ultra-hot Jupiter with H2O, CO2 and TiO but no H- or clouds, orbiting a young metal-rich star.
TOI-2195 A b is an inflated hot Neptune that likely originated as a Jovian planet losing ~90% mass through Roche lobe overflow during EKL-driven high-eccentricity migration triggered by a wide binary companion.
Binary evolution and cluster dynamics can change the cosmic PISN rate by more than an order of magnitude and already tension with SN 2018ibb limits unless Zmax is lowered.
JWST/MIRI detects [Ne V] 14.3 micron emission from O-star winds in 5 of 22 observed stars, enabling wind speed and mass-loss rate estimates even in weak-wind regimes.
Simultaneous measurement of low- and high-mass IMF slopes in 214 star-forming galaxies reveals diversity, weak correlation between ends, and links to stellar mass, star formation rate, and metallicity.
Introduces a semi-deterministic star sampling method in simulations that derives the instantaneous IMF from current cluster mass using reservoir particles and on-the-fly cluster finding.
A population-synthesis framework shows rotation and unresolved companions bias isochrone ages by a factor of at least 2 near the ZAMS and by 31% for older A stars, adding ~0.1 solar mass and ~180 Myr random uncertainties.
Lumina is a 500 cMpc radiation-hydrodynamic simulation predicting late, stellar-driven hydrogen reionization ending near z≈4.75 and AGN-driven helium reionization nearly complete by z=3.
Cosmic ray transport in molecular cloud simulations boosts star formation efficiency by up to 43% and yields a top-heavier IMF with a high-mass slope shallower by ~20%.
DESI-HVS1 is the first reported old, low-mass, metal-poor hypervelocity star candidate whose reconstructed orbit points to a Galactic Center origin.
Late strange-mode pulsations from supermassive stars eject compact, nitrogen-rich gas shells that reproduce the dense circumstellar environments of Little Red Dots before the star collapses into a heavy black hole seed.
A JWST census detects neutral ISM absorption in 76 of 309 galaxies at 0.6<z<4 and outflows in 26, indicating AGN-driven neutral outflows dominate in quiescent systems at cosmic noon.
Calculations indicate low microlensing rates through NGC1052-DF2 but O(1-10) events per year possible across the sky with LSST monitoring, potentially enabling independent IMF estimates in UDGs.
Bar pattern speeds anti-correlate with stellar and total dynamical mass in 30 galaxies, placing the slowest bars in the most massive systems and supporting angular momentum transfer to dark matter.
High-resolution mapping reveals nitrogen enrichment around super star clusters in NGC 5253, attributed to Wolf-Rayet stars with material expelled to surrounding gas.
Completeness-weighted stacking of 56 HAEs at z≃6.2 gives median f_esc^Lyα = 0.106^{+0.066}_{-0.044} with no strong Hα-luminosity dependence and UV-linked galaxy-to-galaxy trends.
Giant-planet hosts preferentially formed in the metal-rich inner Galaxy and later migrated, while rocky-only systems are less centrally concentrated and show smaller radial excursions.
High [Si/Mg] = 0.67 in NGC 1277 cannot be explained by standard models and suggests pair-instability supernovae from very massive early stars.
At fixed stellar mass, inner gas mass—not size, SFR, or potential—best predicts gas metallicity, and differences in long-term inflow histories can explain the pattern.
Koposov 2 is an ancient, extremely metal-poor, compact stellar system best explained as a dissolving globular cluster, not a dwarf galaxy.
New stack-based strong-line calibrations from ~1500 spectra yield mass-metallicity relations at z=1-10 with decreasing metallicity toward higher redshift and no slope change, plus 50 EMPG candidates at 1-4% solar metallicity showing large scatter and opposite sSFR trends.
Middle-aged PWNe exhibit diverse reverberation-phase evolution but converge to Sedov-like states; 2D instabilities increase apparent size by up to 50% without changing global dynamics, supporting 1D model robustness.
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A Census of Na D-traced neutral ISM and outflows at $0.6<z<4$
A JWST census detects neutral ISM absorption in 76 of 309 galaxies at 0.6<z<4 and outflows in 26, indicating AGN-driven neutral outflows dominate in quiescent systems at cosmic noon.