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Theoretical uncertainties for cosmological first-order phase transitions

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arxiv 2009.10080 v2 pith:IZG3RSF5 submitted 2020-09-21 hep-ph astro-ph.COgr-qchep-th

Theoretical uncertainties for cosmological first-order phase transitions

classification hep-ph astro-ph.COgr-qchep-th
keywords approachuncertaintiesdependencefirst-ordermodelperturbativephasescale
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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We critically examine the magnitude of theoretical uncertainties in perturbative calculations of first-order phase transitions, using the Standard Model effective field theory as our guide. In the usual daisy-resummed approach, we find large uncertainties due to renormalisation scale dependence, which amount to two to three orders-of-magnitude uncertainty in the peak gravitational wave amplitude, relevant to experiments such as LISA. Alternatively, utilising dimensional reduction in a more sophisticated perturbative approach drastically reduces this scale dependence, pushing it to higher orders. Further, this approach resolves other thorny problems with daisy resummation: it is gauge invariant which is explicitly demonstrated for the Standard Model, and avoids an uncontrolled derivative expansion in the bubble nucleation rate.

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