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Finite-density lattice QCD and sign problem: current status and open problems

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arxiv 2108.12423 v1 pith:S5JUXEXG submitted 2021-08-27 hep-lat hep-phhep-thnucl-th

Finite-density lattice QCD and sign problem: current status and open problems

classification hep-lat hep-phhep-thnucl-th
keywords finite-densitylatticeappearedcurrentenglishjapanesekenkyuopen
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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This an English translation of a review of finite-density lattice QCD. The original version in Japanese appeared in Soryushiron Kenkyu Vol 31 (2020) No. 1.

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Cited by 17 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. An effective field theory approach to the sign problem in BFSS

    hep-th 2026-06 conditional novelty 8.0

    In BFSS matrix theory, the sign problem is nonzero at large N but first appears at 10-loop order, giving ⟨cosθ⟩ ≈ exp(−9×10⁻⁹ N²(λβ³)⁵).

  2. Gauss law codes and vacuum codes from lattice gauge theories

    quant-ph 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 8.0

    Gauss law codes identify the full gauge-invariant sector as the code space while vacuum codes restrict to the matter vacuum, with the two shown to be unitarily equivalent for finite gauge groups.

  3. An effective field theory approach to the sign problem in BFSS

    hep-th 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    The Pfaffian phase in BFSS becomes an O(9) pseudoscalar operator in a bosonic matrix integral, requiring 10-loop order in the high-T expansion before the sign problem is detectable in the 't Hooft regime.

  4. Gauge-invariant QMETTS with mutually unbiased physical bases for $Z_2$ lattice gauge theories at finite temperature and density

    quant-ph 2026-03 conditional novelty 7.0

    Introduces gauge-invariant QMETTS using mutually unbiased physical bases derived from stabilizer formalism for Z2 LGT at finite T and density, with single-shot sampling shown near-optimal and numerical validation in 1+1D.

  5. Photonic Analog Quantum Simulation of (1+1)-Dimensional $U(1)$ Lattice Gauge Theory with Dynamical Matter

    hep-lat 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    A mapping of the Jaynes-Cummings-Hubbard model onto the spin-1/2 Quantum Link Model via tuned polaritonic resonances in cavity arrays enables analog simulation of U(1) LGT dynamics with matter, verified by exact diago...

  6. Preparing thermal states of frustrated quantum spin systems using 139 qubits

    quant-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Dissipative preparation of thermal states for kagome antiferromagnets demonstrated on IBM hardware up to 79 spins, with simulations showing scalable circuit depths.

  7. Fault-Tolerant Resource Comparison of Qudit and Qubit Encodings for Diagonal Quadratic Operators

    quant-ph 2026-04 conditional novelty 6.0

    For diagonal quadratic evolutions, qubit encodings are asymptotically cheaper than qudit encodings in both Trotter and LCU settings, but small-dimension qudits can win under favorable synthesis or code-switching assumptions.

  8. Fault-Tolerant Resource Comparison of Qudit and Qubit Encodings for Diagonal Quadratic Operators

    quant-ph 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Qudit encodings for quadratic diagonal evolutions require exponentially stronger synthesis advantages than qubits to win asymptotically in product formulas but can yield constant-factor savings in LCU at low d.

  9. Path optimization method for the sign problem: Insights from random matrix models

    hep-lat 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0

    Path optimization improves the average phase factor in the Stephanov model at high chemical potential but not at low chemical potential or in the chiral random matrix model, pointing to the global sign problem as the ...

  10. Preparing thermal states of frustrated quantum spin systems using 139 qubits

    quant-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Dissipative protocols on quantum hardware prepare approximate thermal states for kagome AFIM up to 79 sites and AFHM via simulation, with circuit depth independent of size and linear in inverse temperature.

  11. The canonical approach at high temperature revisited

    hep-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    The paradox in the canonical approach at high temperature with the Roberge-Weiss transition originates from infinite-size effects and vanishes in finite-size systems due to smearing, validating the approach for lattice QCD.

  12. Fault-Tolerant Resource Comparison of Qudit and Qubit Encodings for Diagonal Quadratic Operators

    quant-ph 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    The paper derives explicit finite-d break-even synthesis costs for qudit vs. qubit encodings of diagonal quadratic operators in product-formula and LCU simulations, identifying low-d regions where qudits yield savings.

  13. Gradient-Produced Neutrinos

    hep-ph 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Steep matter-density gradients in neutron stars can produce neutrino-antineutrino pairs analogous to the Schwinger effect.

  14. Chiral first order phase transition at finite baryon density and zero temperature from self-consistent pole masses in the linear sigma model with quarks

    hep-ph 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    In the two-flavor linear sigma model with quarks, the chiral phase transition at T=0 is first order and occurs at a quark chemical potential equal to the vacuum quark mass.

  15. FRG analysis of dense two-color QCD within the linear sigma model

    hep-ph 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    FRG analysis in the linear sigma model for QC2D shows enhanced meson U(1)_A anomaly couplings with increasing mu_q but suppressed topological susceptibility following chiral restoration at high density or temperature.

  16. Minimal superfluid vortices in chiral perturbation theory

    hep-ph 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    Leading order chiral perturbation theory yields the minimal energy condition for vortex nucleation in the pion condensed phase, with vortices carrying quantized angular momentum and self-confining pions.

  17. Thermodynamics and transport in holographic QCD with Gauss-Bonnet corrections

    hep-th 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 3.0

    A holographic QCD model with dilaton-dependent Gauss-Bonnet corrections matches lattice thermodynamics and yields non-monotonic η/s plus a critical endpoint.