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A Survey on Proactive Dialogue Systems: Problems, Methods, and Prospects

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arxiv 2305.02750 v2 pith:7VEOV354 submitted 2023-05-04 cs.CL cs.AI

A Survey on Proactive Dialogue Systems: Problems, Methods, and Prospects

classification cs.CL cs.AI
keywords conversationaldialogueproactivesurveysystemsadvancedagentproblems
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Proactive dialogue systems, related to a wide range of real-world conversational applications, equip the conversational agent with the capability of leading the conversation direction towards achieving pre-defined targets or fulfilling certain goals from the system side. It is empowered by advanced techniques to progress to more complicated tasks that require strategical and motivational interactions. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive overview of the prominent problems and advanced designs for conversational agent's proactivity in different types of dialogues. Furthermore, we discuss challenges that meet the real-world application needs but require a greater research focus in the future. We hope that this first survey of proactive dialogue systems can provide the community with a quick access and an overall picture to this practical problem, and stimulate more progresses on conversational AI to the next level.

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Cited by 14 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. ProactBench: Beyond What The User Asked For

    cs.LG 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    ProactBench measures LLM conversational proactivity in three phases using 198 multi-agent dialogues and finds recovery behavior hard to predict from existing benchmarks.

  2. An Empirical Study of Proactive Coding Assistants in Real-World Software Development

    cs.SE 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Real developer IDE traces differ substantially from LLM simulations in behavior and structure; current proactive assistants are unreliable on real traces, and simulated data cannot substitute for real data in training.

  3. METRO: Towards Strategy Induction from Expert Dialogue Transcripts for Non-collaborative Dialogues

    cs.CL 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    METRO induces both short-term actions and long-term planning from expert transcripts into a Strategy Forest, outperforming prior methods by 9-10% on two non-collaborative dialogue benchmarks.

  4. Vinci2: Providing Proactive Assistance in Continuous Egocentric Videos

    cs.CV 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.5

    EgoMemo uses multi-scale temporal summaries, a knowledge graph, and visual archives to decide whether and when to intervene proactively on continuous egocentric video, setting baselines on the new EgoServe benchmark o...

  5. CallBench: A Benchmark for Dual-Goal Coordination in Phone Call Assistants

    cs.AI 2026-06 conditional novelty 6.0

    CALLBENCH is a 50k-dialogue Chinese benchmark showing current dialogue methods achieve only ~0.61-0.77 overall scores and about 10.6% safety violations on dual-goal phone-call assistant decisions.

  6. See, Infer, Intervene: Proactive World Modeling for Goal-Oriented Social Intelligence

    cs.CL 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Introduces SII framework and PIWM using AIDA and BDI models to predict intent transitions and select from five intervention classes, reporting 0.641 macro F1 with ground-truth state on a new benchmark.

  7. MemCog: From Memory-as-Tool to Memory-as-Cognition in Conversational Agents

    cs.AI 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    MemCog introduces a Memory-as-Cognition paradigm with Navigable Memory Store, Cross-Dimensional Navigation Interface, and Proactive Reasoning Protocol, claiming SOTA results on LoCoMo, LongMemEval, and a new Proactive...

  8. Anticipate and Learn: Unleashing Idle-Time Compute in Proactive Agents

    cs.CL 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    ProAct uses idle compute to anticipate user needs via dialogue history and memory, achieving 14.8% fewer turns, 11.7% less user effort, and 28.1% fewer hallucinations than reactive baselines on the new ProActEval benchmark.

  9. OnePred: Next-Query Prediction via Recursive Intent Memory in Multi-Turn Conversations

    cs.CL 2026-05 conditional novelty 6.0

    OnePred predicts a user's next query in multi-turn chats from a bounded recursive intent memory, beating full-history baselines at up to 22x lower input-token cost.

  10. OnePred: Next-Query Prediction via Recursive Intent Memory in Multi-Turn Conversations

    cs.CL 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    OnePred maintains a recursively updated intent memory and uses two-stage RL to predict next queries, cutting token use by up to 22x while outperforming baselines on a new NQP-Bench dataset.

  11. Help Without Being Asked: A Deployed Proactive Agent System for On-Call Support with Continuous Self-Improvement

    cs.AI 2026-02 conditional novelty 6.0

    Vigil deploys a proactive agent for full on-call lifecycle support with autonomous self-improvement from human-resolved cases.

  12. Proactive Dialogue Model with Intent Prediction

    cs.CL 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    A Temporal Bayesian Network derived from MultiWOZ intent annotations predicts user intent transitions and guides proactive dialogue generation, raising Coverage AUC from 0.742 to 0.856 while cutting turns to 75% cover...

  13. DiscussLLM: Teaching Large Language Models When to Speak

    cs.CL 2025-08 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    DiscussLLM introduces a two-stage synthetic data pipeline to annotate multi-turn discussions with five intervention types and trains LLMs to time contributions via a silent token or proactive responses.

  14. Context: Proactive Goal-Directed Intelligence via Composable Sandboxed Programs, Declarative Wiring, and Structured Interaction

    cs.AI 2026-04 conditional novelty 4.0

    An architecture for proactive goal-directed AI agents is presented with six formal theorems claiming Pareto improvements over reactive chatbots in multi-participant task settings.