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Validation of the Scientific Program for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

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arxiv 2306.06307 v3 pith:JKUBWUK5 submitted 2023-06-09 astro-ph.CO

Validation of the Scientific Program for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

DESI Collaboration: A. G. Adame , J. Aguilar , S. Ahlen , S. Alam , G. Aldering , D. M. Alexander , R. Alfarsy , C. Allende Prieto
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M. Alvarez O. Alves A. Anand F. Andrade-Oliveira E. Armengaud J. Asorey S. Avila A. Aviles S. Bailey A. Balaguera-Antol\'inez O. Ballester C. Baltay A. Bault J. Bautista J. Behera S. F. Beltran S. BenZvi L. Beraldo e Silva J. R. Bermejo-Climent A. Berti R. Besuner F. Beutler D. Bianchi C. Blake R. Blum A. S. Bolton S. Brieden A. Brodzeller D. Brooks Z. Brown E. Buckley-Geer E. Burtin L. Cabayol-Garcia Z. Cai R. Canning L. Cardiel-Sas A. Carnero Rosell F. J. Castander J.L. Cervantes-Cota S. Chabanier E. Chaussidon J. Chaves-Montero S. Chen C. Chuang T. Claybaugh S. Cole A. P. Cooper A. Cuceu T. M. Davis K. Dawson R. de Belsunce R. de la Cruz A. de la Macorra A. de Mattia R. Demina U. Demirbozan J. DeRose A. Dey B. Dey G. Dhungana J. Ding Z. Ding P. Doel R. Doshi K. Douglass A. Edge S. Eftekharzadeh D. J. Eisenstein A. Elliott S. Escoffier P. Fagrelius X. Fan K. Fanning V. A. Fawcett S. Ferraro J. Ereza B. Flaugher A. Font-Ribera D. Forero-S\'anchez J. E. Forero-Romero C. S. Frenk B. T. G\"ansicke L. \'A. Garc\'ia J. Garc\'ia-Bellido C. Garcia-Quintero L. H. Garrison H. Gil-Mar\'in J. Golden-Marx S. Gontcho A Gontcho A. X. Gonzalez-Morales V. Gonzalez-Perez C. Gordon O. Graur D. Green D. Gruen J. Guy B. Hadzhiyska C. Hahn J. J. Han M. M. S Hanif H. K. Herrera-Alcantar K. Honscheid J. Hou C. Howlett D. Huterer V. Ir\v{s}i\v{c} M. Ishak A. Jana L. Jiang J. Jimenez Y. P. Jing S. Joudaki R. Joyce E. Jullo S. Juneau N. Kizhuprakkat N. G. Kara\c{c}ayl{\i} T. Karim R. Kehoe S. Kent A. Khederlarian S. Kim D. Kirkby T. Kisner F. Kitaura J. Kneib S. E. Koposov A. Kov\'acs A. Kremin A. Krolewski B. L'Huillier O. Lahav A. Lambert C. Lamman T.-W. Lan M. Landriau D. Lang J. U. Lange J. Lasker L. Le Guillou A. Leauthaud M. E. Levi T. S. Li E. Linder A. Lyons C. Magneville M. Manera C. J. Manser D. Margala P. Martini P. McDonald G. E. Medina L. Medina-Varela A. Meisner J. Mena-Fern\'andez J. Meneses-Rizo M. Mezcua R. Miquel P. Montero-Camacho J. Moon S. Moore J. Moustakas E. Mueller J. Mundet A. Mu\~noz-Guti\'errez A. D. Myers S. Nadathur L. Napolitano R. Neveux J. A. Newman J. Nie G. Niz P. Norberg H. E. Noriega E. Paillas N. Palanque-Delabrouille A. Palmese P. Zhiwei D. Parkinson S. Penmetsa W. J. Percival A. P\'erez-Fern\'andez I. P\'erez-R\`afols M. Pieri C. Poppett A. Porredon F. Prada R. Pucha A. Raichoor C. Ram\'irez-P\'erez S. Ramirez-Solano M. Rashkovetskyi C. Ravoux A. Rocher C. Rockosi A. J. Ross G. Rossi R. Ruggeri V. Ruhlmann-Kleider C. G. Sabiu K. Said A. Saintonge L. Samushia E. Sanchez C. Saulder E. Schaan E. F. Schlafly D. Schlegel D. Scholte M. Schubnell H. Seo A. Shafieloo R. Sharples W. Sheu J. Silber F. Sinigaglia M. Siudek Z. Slepian A. Smith D. Sprayberry L. Stephey J. Su\'arez-P\'erez Z. Sun T. Tan G. Tarl\'e R. Tojeiro L. A. Ure\~na-L\'opez R. Vaisakh D. Valcin F. Valdes M. Valluri M. Vargas-Maga\~na A. Variu L. Verde M. Walther B. Wang M. S. Wang B. A. Weaver N. Weaverdyck R. H. Wechsler M. White Y. Xie J. Yang C. Y\`eche J. Yu S. Yuan H. Zhang Z. Zhang C. Zhao Z. Zheng R. Zhou Z. Zhou H. Zou S. Zou Y. Zu
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The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) was designed to conduct a survey covering 14,000 deg$^2$ over five years to constrain the cosmic expansion history through precise measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO). The scientific program for DESI was evaluated during a five month Survey Validation (SV) campaign before beginning full operations. This program produced deep spectra of tens of thousands of objects from each of the stellar (MWS), bright galaxy (BGS), luminous red galaxy (LRG), emission line galaxy (ELG), and quasar target classes. These SV spectra were used to optimize redshift distributions, characterize exposure times, determine calibration procedures, and assess observational overheads for the five-year program. In this paper, we present the final target selection algorithms, redshift distributions, and projected cosmology constraints resulting from those studies. We also present a `One-Percent survey' conducted at the conclusion of Survey Validation covering 140 deg$^2$ using the final target selection algorithms with exposures of a depth typical of the main survey. The Survey Validation indicates that DESI will be able to complete the full 14,000 deg$^2$ program with spectroscopically-confirmed targets from the MWS, BGS, LRG, ELG, and quasar programs with total sample sizes of 7.2, 13.8, 7.46, 15.7, and 2.87 million, respectively. These samples will allow exploration of the Milky Way halo, clustering on all scales, and BAO measurements with a statistical precision of 0.28% over the redshift interval $z<1.1$, 0.39% over the redshift interval $1.1<z<1.9$, and 0.46% over the redshift interval $1.9<z<3.5$.

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Cited by 18 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Cosmological analysis of the DESI DR1 Lyman alpha 1D power spectrum

    astro-ph.CO 2026-01 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    DESI DR1 Lyman-alpha data yields Δ²★=0.379±0.032 and n★=-2.309±0.019 at k★=0.009 km⁻¹s and z=3, sharpening N_eff, α_s, and β_s constraints by factors of 1.18-1.90 when combined with other probes.

  2. DESI DR2 Results II: Measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations and Cosmological Constraints

    astro-ph.CO 2025-03 accept novelty 7.0

    DESI DR2 BAO data exhibits 2.3 sigma tension with CMB in Lambda-CDM but prefers evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) at 3.1 sigma with CMB and 2.8-4.2 sigma when including supernovae.

  3. DESI 2024 VI: Cosmological Constraints from the Measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations

    astro-ph.CO 2024-04 accept novelty 7.0

    First-year DESI BAO data are consistent with flat LambdaCDM and, when combined with CMB, show a 2.5-3.9 sigma preference for evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) that strengthens with certain supernova datasets.

  4. DESI 2024 III: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from Galaxies and Quasars

    astro-ph.CO 2024-04 accept novelty 7.0

    DESI measures BAO scales in six redshift bins with 0.52% combined precision using 5.7 million objects, detecting the signal at up to 9.1 sigma and finding larger scales than Planck LCDM at z<0.8.

  5. Assessing the large-scale angular clustering of UNIONS Lyman Break Galaxies via cross-correlations

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    UNIONS LBGs yield robust cross-power spectra with Planck CMB lensing and DESI/Quaia quasars at amplitudes matching theory, despite systematics that render the auto-spectrum unusable.

  6. Disentangling modified gravity and galaxy bias with field-level inference

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    With fixed known initial phases, voxel-by-voxel Poisson likelihood on the galaxy number-counts field breaks the f(R)–bias degeneracy that power spectra cannot resolve, with voids and walls driving the gain.

  7. Measuring local primordial non-Gaussianity from the clustering of DESI DR1 LRGs and QSOs

    astro-ph.CO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Reports first config-space f_NL measurement from DESI DR1 LRG/QSO 2pcf, yielding joint f_NL = -3^{+12}_{-12} at 68% CL using simulation-based modeling and imaging systematics mitigation.

  8. Precision Kinematic Sunyaev--Zel'dovich Measurements Across Halo Mass and Redshift with DESI DR2 and ACT DR6: Part I. Luminous Red Galaxies

    astro-ph.CO 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    High-significance kSZ measurements around LRGs show gas is redistributed beyond gravitational collapse and imply more efficient feedback in group-scale halos than in standard hydrodynamical models.

  9. $H_0$ Without the Sound Horizon (or Supernovae): A 2% Measurement in DESI DR1

    astro-ph.CO 2025-10 conditional novelty 6.0

    A heuristic power-spectrum rescaling applied to DESI DR1 BAO data plus CMB acoustic scale anchor yields H0 values of 69.2 to 70.3 km/s/Mpc at sub-2% precision across three independent late-time datasets.

  10. DESI 2024 VII: Cosmological Constraints from the Full-Shape Modeling of Clustering Measurements

    astro-ph.CO 2024-11 accept novelty 6.0

    DESI DR1 full-shape clustering yields Ω_m = 0.2962 ± 0.0095 and σ_8 = 0.842 ± 0.034 in flat ΛCDM, tightening to H_0 = 68.40 ± 0.27 km/s/Mpc with CMB and DESY3, while favoring w_0 > -1, w_a < 0 and limiting neutrino ma...

  11. DESI 2024 V: Full-Shape Galaxy Clustering from Galaxies and Quasars

    astro-ph.CO 2024-11 accept novelty 6.0

    DESI DR1 full-shape galaxy clustering constrains Omega_m = 0.296 ± 0.010, H0 = 68.63 ± 0.79 km/s/Mpc, and sigma_8 = 0.841 ± 0.034, consistent with LambdaCDM and Planck.

  12. DESI 2024 IV: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from the Lyman Alpha Forest

    astro-ph.CO 2024-04 accept novelty 6.0

    DESI measures BAO from the Lyα forest at z_eff=2.33, reporting H(z) = (239.2 ± 4.8) (147.09 Mpc/rd) km/s/Mpc and DM(z) = (5.84 ± 0.14) (rd/147.09 Mpc) Gpc.

  13. Local primordial non-Gaussianity using cross-correlations of DESI tracers

    astro-ph.CO 2026-04 conditional novelty 5.0

    Cross-correlating LRG and QSO samples in DESI DR1 yields f_NL^loc = 2.1 with 68% uncertainties of +8.8 and -8.3, an incremental improvement over auto-correlations alone.

  14. Combined tracer analysis for DESI 2024 BAO

    astro-ph.CO 2025-08 accept novelty 5.0

    Combining LRG and ELG tracers with bias weighting improves BAO constraints by 11% on alpha_iso and 7% on alpha_AP in DESI DR1 data for the 0.8<z<1.1 bin.

  15. Constraints on Neutrino Physics from DESI DR2 BAO and DR1 Full Shape

    astro-ph.CO 2025-03 conditional novelty 5.0

    DESI DR2 BAO and full-shape data plus CMB yield ∑m_ν < 0.0642 eV (95% CL) under ΛCDM, in 3σ tension with oscillation lower limits, relaxed to <0.163 eV in w0waCDM.

  16. DESI Data Release 2 ELGs: Property-dependent subsamples, imaging systematics, and clustering

    astro-ph.CO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    Property-dependent systematic weights derived separately on ELG subsamples, with separate DES footprint treatment, mitigate spurious clustering in ~10% of subsamples but are not optimal for the full sample.

  17. Testing Scale-Dependent Modified Gravity with DESI DR1

    astro-ph.CO 2026-04 accept novelty 4.0

    DESI DR1 constrains the modified gravity parameter to log10 |f_R0| < -4.59 at 95% CL, implying no detectable fifth force on scales below about 18 Mpc.

  18. DESI DR2 Results I: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from the Lyman Alpha Forest

    astro-ph.CO 2025-03 accept novelty 4.0

    DESI DR2 delivers 0.65% precision BAO measurements from the LyA forest at z_eff=2.33, with D_H/r_d = 8.632 ± 0.098 ± 0.026 and D_M/r_d = 38.99 ± 0.52 ± 0.12.