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The LHC as a Neutrino-Ion Collider
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The LHC as a Neutrino-Ion Collider
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Proton-proton collisions at the LHC generate a high-intensity collimated beam of neutrinos in the forward (beam) direction, characterised by energies of up to several TeV. The recent observation of LHC neutrinos by FASER$\nu$ and SND@LHC signals that this hitherto ignored particle beam is now available for scientific inquiry. Here we quantify the impact that neutrino deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) measurements at the LHC would have on the parton distributions (PDFs) of protons and heavy nuclei. We generate projections for DIS structure functions for FASER$\nu$ and SND@LHC at Run III, as well as for the FASER$\nu$2, AdvSND, and FLArE experiments to be hosted at the proposed Forward Physics Facility (FPF) operating concurrently with the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). We determine that up to one million electron- and muon-neutrino DIS interactions within detector acceptance can be expected by the end of the HL-LHC, covering a kinematic region in $x$ and $Q^2$ overlapping with that of the Electron-Ion Collider. Including these DIS projections into global (n)PDF analyses, specifically PDF4LHC21, NNPDF4.0, and EPPS21, reveals a significant reduction of PDF uncertainties, in particular for strangeness and the up and down valence PDFs. We show that LHC neutrino data enables improved theoretical predictions for core processes at the HL-LHC, such as Higgs and weak gauge boson production. Our analysis demonstrates that exploiting the LHC neutrino beam effectively provides CERN with a "Neutrino-Ion Collider" without requiring modifications in its accelerator infrastructure.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Analytic results for heavy-quark contributions to charged-current DIS at NNLO
Analytic NNLO partonic coefficient functions for F2, FL, F3 in charged-current DIS with exact charm mass, expressed via Goncharov polylogarithms and Chen iterated integrals.
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Non-Standard Neutrino Interactions at a Muon Collider Neutrino Detector
A forward neutrino detector at a muon collider can exceed current and upcoming bounds on non-standard neutrino interactions by exploiting high neutrino flux, known flavor composition, and chirality.
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Letter of Intent: The Forward Physics Facility
Proposes construction of the Forward Physics Facility at the HL-LHC with four complementary detectors to exploit forward neutrinos and new-particle fluxes for neutrino, QCD, astroparticle, and dark-matter measurements.
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Impact of parity-violating deep-inelastic scattering on the weak mixing angle and high-$x$ parton distributions
Simulations of 11 and 22 GeV PVDIS pseudodata indicate potential constraints on low-Q² sin²θ_W and high-x strange quark and d/u PDFs, with strong correlations requiring simultaneous QCD-electroweak analysis.
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PineAPPLv1: fast and flexible theory predictions for present and future colliders
PineAPPLv1 provides interpolation tables supporting multiple convolutions with polarised and unpolarised PDFs and FFs for fast collider observable predictions.
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SND@LHC Upgrade for the High-Luminosity LHC: Physics Reach and Installation Scenarios
An alternative off-axis placement for the SND@LHC upgrade detector increases total neutrino interaction rate by a factor of five compared with the baseline position.
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