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Gravitational Waves from Inflaton Decay and Bremsstrahlung

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arxiv 2312.16691 v2 pith:NBG7JVSX submitted 2023-12-27 hep-ph gr-qchep-th

Gravitational Waves from Inflaton Decay and Bremsstrahlung

classification hep-ph gr-qchep-th
keywords gravitonsreheatinginflatonscaledecaygravitationalinflationplanck
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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The concept of early Universe inflation resolves several problems of hot Big Bang theory and quantitatively explains the origin of the inhomogeneities in the present Universe. However, it is not possible to arrange inflation in a scalar field model with renormalizable potential, such that it would not contradict the recent Planck data. For this reason, inflaton must have also higher derivative couplings suppressed at least by the Planck scale. We show that these couplings may be relevant during reheating and lead to non-negligible production of gravitons. We consider the possibility that the unitarity breaking scale for the model of inflation is lower than the Planck scale and compute production of gravitons during reheating, due to the inflaton decay to two gravitons and graviton bremsstrahlung process. The spectrum of produced gravitons is crucially dependent on reheating temperature and inflaton mass. We find that for low reheating temperature decay to gravitons lead to significant amount of dark radiation. Confronting this result with CMB constraints, we find reheating dependent bounds on the unitarity breaking scale. We also compare the obtained gravitational wave signals with the projected limits of future high frequency gravitational wave experiments.

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Cited by 7 Pith papers

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  2. High-frequency gravitational waves from axion inflation in the weak-backreaction regime

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

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  3. A Unified Bogoliubov Approach to Primordial Gravitational Waves: From Inflation to Reheating

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  5. Probing Bose-enhanced Inflaton Decay with Gravitational Waves

    hep-ph 2026-01 unverdicted novelty 5.0

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    High-frequency primordial gravitational waves extend to higher frequencies due to post-inflation inflaton dynamics, and their detailed spectrum shape can distinguish inflation models.

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